Smoking prevalence in US birth cohorts: the influence of gender and education.

Escobedo, Luis G.; Peddicord, John P.

doi:10.2105/ajph.86.2.231

Cited by 260 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Nevertheless, some selection bias is inevitable, as reflected in the data on current smoking in table 5. These rates are lower by 30-50 percent when compared with corresponding data from national surveys (21). Thus, we can expect a lower incidence of lung and other smoking-related cancers in the cohort compared with the general population of Hawaii and California.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 67%

A Multiethnic Cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles: Baseline Characteristics

Kolonel

Henderson

Hankin

et al. 2000

American Journal of Epidemiology

870

1,002

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The authors describe the design and implementation of a large multiethnic cohort established to study diet and cancer in the United States. They detail the source of the subjects, sample size, questionnaire development, pilot work, and approaches to future analyses. The cohort consists of 215,251 adult men and women (age 45-75 years at baseline) living in Hawaii and in California (primarily Los Angeles County) with the following ethnic distribution: African-American (16.3%), Latino (22.0%), Japanese-American (26.4%), Native Hawaiian (6.5%), White (22.9%), and other ancestry (5.8%). From 1993 to 1996, participants entered the cohort by completing a 26-page, self-administered mail questionnaire that elicited a quantitative food frequency history, along with demographic and other information. Response rates ranged from 20% in Latinos to 49% in Japanese-Americans. As expected, both within and among ethnic groups, the questionnaire data show substantial variations in dietary intakes (nutrients as well as foods) and in the distributions of non-dietary risk factors (including smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and physical activity). When compared with corresponding ethnic-specific cancer incidence rates, the findings provide tentative support for several current dietary hypotheses. As sufficient numbers of cancer cases are identified through surveillance of the cohort, dietary and other hypotheses will be tested in prospective analyses. Keywords alcohol drinking; cohort studies; diet; ethnic groups; obesity; physical fitness; prospective studies; smoking Ethnic minorities in the United States have not been well represented in epidemiologic research on diet and cancer, especially in prospective cohort studies. Thus, little is known about the relation of dietary factors to cancer risk in these groups. Furthermore, while diet and other external factors are the predominant determinants of cancer risk in all these groups (1), the extent to which environmental exposures explain interethnic differences in incidence Reprint requests to Dr. Laurence Kolonel, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, 1236 Lauhala Street, Honolulu, HI 96813. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript is not known. By including a variety of ethnic groups within a single study, and by using a common data collection methodology in all groups, interethnic comparisons of exposuredisease relations can readily be made.Hawaii has long presented special opportunities for epidemiologic research because of its diverse ethnic/cultural environment. Over the past two decades, the Los Angeles basin has also attracted large ethnic populations, including a variety of groups from Asia, and Latino migrants from Mexico and Central and South America. Together, these two areas now provide an unmatched resource for epidemiologic initiatives.Recognizing the need for dietary studies of ethnic minorities in the United States, the unique opportunities offered by Hawaii and southern California for conducting cross-ethnic a...

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 67%

A Multiethnic Cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles: Baseline Characteristics

Kolonel

Henderson

Hankin

et al. 2000

American Journal of Epidemiology

870

1,002

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“…First, it was performed in men only. Thus, it may not be appropriate to extrapolate the results to women, given the gender differences in the prevalence and characteristics of smoking habits (Escobedo and Peddicord, 1996;Hill, 1998;Osler et al, 1999;Dedobbeleer et al, 2004). Indeed, studies in Japan have reported more pronounced associations between F&V intake and CVD in men than in women (Nakamura et al, 2008;Takachi et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and cardiovascular disease in male smokers and non-smokers

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Consumption of fruit and vegetables (F&V) is associated with a lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Smoking may affect the strength of this association. The objective of this study was to compare the relationship between the frequency of F&V intake and CVD risk in male current, former and never smokers. Subjects/Methods: A prospective study in men (n ¼ 8060) aged 50-59 years who were recruited in France and Northern Ireland. The frequency of F&V intake was assessed by using a food frequency questionnaire. The outcome criteria were incident cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and total CVD (coronary heart disease and stroke) over 10-year period. Results: A total of 367 ACS and 612 CVD events occurred during the follow-up period. A multivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant interaction between smoking status and F&V intake for ACS and for CVD (both P'so0.05). In current smokers, the relative risks for ACS were 0.78 (0.54-1.13) and 0.49 (0.30-0.81) in the second and third tertiles of F&V intake, respectively (P for trendo0.001); for CVD, the values were 0.80 (0.59-1.08) and 0.64 (0.44-0.93) respectively (P for trendo0.001). In contrast, no statistically significant associations were observed for never and former smokers. Similar statistical interactions for ACS were observed for fruit intake (P ¼ 0.07) and vegetable intake (Po0.05) taken separately. Conclusions: These results suggest that high fruit and vegetable intake is associated with a lower risk of CVD in male smokers.

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“…Even though smoking has decreased among all socio-economic groups, some studies have found that differences between groups have remained stable or even increased over time (Escobedo and Peddicord, 1996;Giskes et al, 2005;Peretti-Watel et al, 2009), which suggest that that diffusion has been blocked or delayed. Following this line of thought, Dixon and Banwell argued that the smoking epidemic model should include a fifth stage marked by "sedimentation of smoking in successive low SES cohorts" (Dixon and Banwell, 2009). 3.…”

Section: Diffusion Of Cigarette Smoking Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudo-panel approach

Vedøy¹

2014

Social Science Research

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(online), with the title: Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudo-panel approach http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0049089X14001033Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudopanel approach AbstractThis study examined if temporal variations in daily cigarette smoking and never-smoking among groups with different levels of education fit the pattern proposed by the theory of diffusion of innovations (TDI), while taking into account the separate effects of age, period and birth cohort (APC). Aggregated data from nationally representative interview surveys from Norway from 1976 to 2010 was used to calculate probabilities of smoking using an APC approach in which the period variable was normalized to pick up short term cyclical effects. Results showed that educational differences in smoking over time were more strongly determined by birth cohort membership than variations in smoking behavior across the life course. The probability of daily smoking decreased faster across cohorts among higher compared to lower educated. In contrast, the change in probability of never having smoked across cohorts was similar in the two education groups, but stronger among men compared to women. Moreover, educational differences in both daily and never-smoking increased among early cohorts and leveled off among late cohorts. The results emphasizes the importance of birth cohort for social change and are consistent with TDI, which posits that smoking behavior diffuse through the social structure over time.

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Smoking prevalence in US birth cohorts: the influence of gender and education.

Cited by 260 publications

References 25 publications

A Multiethnic Cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles: Baseline Characteristics

A Multiethnic Cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles: Baseline Characteristics

Association between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and cardiovascular disease in male smokers and non-smokers

Tracing the cigarette epidemic: An age-period-cohort study of education, gender and smoking using a pseudo-panel approach

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