Smoking negatively impacts renal cell carcinoma overall and cancer‐specific survival

Kroeger, Nils; Klatte, Tobias; Birkhäuser, Frédéric D.; Rampersaud, Edward N.; Seligson, David B.; Zomorodian, Nazy; Belldegrun, Arie S.

doi:10.1002/cncr.26453

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Smoking was also identified as an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with oropharyngeal cancer, regardless of the tumor p16 status or treatment (7). In addition, patients with renal cell carcinoma and a history of smoking were more likely to have advanced pathologic features and poorer survival outcomes (4). Similar significant associations between smoking and poorer disease-free survival and time to recurrence have also been observed in patients with colon cancer (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Prognostic Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Survival of Patients with Established Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

OuYang

Mao

et al. 2013

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Cigarette smoking is associated with the etiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma; however, the influence of smoking on survival in patients with established nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains unknown.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1,849 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who were categorized as never, former, and current smokers. Cumulative effect of smoking was defined in terms of pack-years. Associations between cigarette exposure and survival were estimated by Cox proportional hazards model.Results: The risks of death, progression, locoregional relapse, and distant metastasis were significantly higher for former and current smokers (all P 0.002) than never smokers. Heavy smokers with high pack-years had HRs for death of 3.31 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.58-4.26; P < 0.001], for progression of 2.53 (95% CI, 2.03-3.16; P < 0.001), and for distant metastasis of 2.65 (95% CI, 1.89-3.70; P < 0.001). Specifically, in the cohort of 495 patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy/three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, we obtained similarly significant results. All of the survival outcomes remained significant in multivariate analyses.Conclusions: Pretreatment cigarette smoking is an independent, poor prognostic factor for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which is associated with increased risk of death, progression, locoregional relapse, and distant metastasis, with the risk increasing with pack-years.Impact: It is clear that cigarette smoking not only promotes carcinogenesis in the normal nasopharyngeal epithelium, but also affects the survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(12); 2285-94. Ó2013 AACR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Prognostic Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Survival of Patients with Established Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

OuYang

Mao

et al. 2013

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…The effect of smoking may be mediated through inflammation, oxidative tissue damage, or immune suppression that acts on cancer progression [9,11]. Smoking-induced activated macrophages may generate reactive oxygen species that promote angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and metastasis [9,13]. Tobacco exposure also can alter multiple immunologic functions, including the innate and adaptive immune system [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Smoking May Negatively Affect Response Rate, Progression-Free Survival, and Overall Survival of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Sunitinib

et al. 2013

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Describe the association between risk factors for renal cell carcinoma and the outcome of sunitinib treatment for metastatic disease.Explain the impact of active smoking on the outcome of sunitinib-treated metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Discuss obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in relation to the outcome of sunitinib-treated metastatic renal cell carcinoma. ABSTRACTBackground. Obesity, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes are risk factors for renal cell carcinoma development.Their presence has been associated with a worse outcome in various cancers. We sought to determine their association with outcome of sunitinib treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Methods. An international multicenter retrospective study of sunitinib-treated mRCC patients was performed. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between outcome and the pretreatment status of smoking, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, and other known prognostic factors.Results. Between 2004 and 2013, 278 mRCC patients were treated with sunitinib: 59 were active smokers, 67 were obese, 73 were diabetic, and 165 had pretreatment hypertension. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9 months, and overall survival (OS) was 22 months. Factors associated with

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“…14 Many studies have examined the relationship between smoking and mortality among cancer patients. A history of ever smoking compared with never smoking was associated with an increase in overall mortality [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and cancer-specific mortality. 15,16,24 However, other studies fail to show a significant difference in mortality based on smoking status after controlling for covariates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A history of ever smoking compared with never smoking was associated with an increase in overall mortality [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and cancer-specific mortality. 15,16,24 However, other studies fail to show a significant difference in mortality based on smoking status after controlling for covariates. [25][26][27][28] In the head and neck cancer literature, smoking significantly increases overall mortality and cancer-specific mortality, 10,21,23,[29][30][31][32][33][34] and pack-years of smoking has a dose-response positive relationship with mortality, 23,30,35 yet some studies reported nonsignificant differences in overall mortality [36][37][38][39] and cancer-specific mortality 37,40 between smokers and nonsmokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Quitting Smoking Make a Difference Among Newly Diagnosed Head and Neck Cancer Patients?

Choi

Terrell

Bradford

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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Introduction: To determine if smoking after a cancer diagnosis makes a difference in mortality among newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients. Methods: Longitudinal data were collected from newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients with a median follow-up time of 1627 days (N = 590). Mortality was censored at 8 years or September 1, 2011, whichever came first. Based on smoking status, all patients were categorized into four groups: continuing smokers, quitters, former smokers, or never-smokers. A broad range of covariates were included in the analyses. Kaplan-Meier curves, bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were constructed. Results: Eight-year overall mortality and cancer-specific mortality were 40.5% (239/590) and 25.4% (150/590), respectively. Smoking status after a cancer diagnosis predicted overall mortality and cancer-specific mortality. Compared to never-smokers, continuing smokers had the highest hazard ratio (HR) of dying from all causes (HR = 2.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.48-4.98). Those who smoked at diagnosis, but quit and did not relapse-quitters-had an improved hazard ratio of dying (HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.29-4.36) and former smokers at diagnosis with no relapse after diagnosis-former smokers-had the lowest hazard ratio of dying from all causes (HR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.12-2.56). Similarly, quitters had a slightly higher hazard ratio of dying from cancer-specific reasons (HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.13-5.01) than never-smokers, which was similar to current smokers (HR = 2.07, 95% CI = 0.96-4.47), followed by former smokers (HR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.00-2.89). Conclusions: Compared to never-smokers, continuing smokers have the highest HR of overall mortality followed by quitters and former smokers, which indicates that smoking cessation, even after a cancer diagnosis, may improve overall mortality among newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients. Health care providers should consider incorporating smoking cessation interventions into standard cancer treatment to improve survival among this population. Implications: Using prospective observational longitudinal data from 590 head and neck cancer patients, this study showed that continuing smokers have the highest overall mortality relative to never-smokers, which indicates that smoking cessation, even after a cancer diagnosis, may have beneficial effects on long-term overall mortality. Health care providers should consider incorporating smoking cessation interventions into standard cancer treatment to improve survival among this population.

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Smoking negatively impacts renal cell carcinoma overall and cancer‐specific survival

Cited by 48 publications

References 34 publications

Prognostic Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Survival of Patients with Established Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Prognostic Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Survival of Patients with Established Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Active Smoking May Negatively Affect Response Rate, Progression-Free Survival, and Overall Survival of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Sunitinib

Does Quitting Smoking Make a Difference Among Newly Diagnosed Head and Neck Cancer Patients?

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