Smoking is a risk factor for coronary spasm in young women.

Abstract

These findings suggest that there is a very strong association between cigarette smoking and pure coronary spasm in young women.

Angiotensin converting enzyme as a genetic risk factor for coronary artery spasm. Implication in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction.

“…Clinical and biological parameters are listed in Table I (for more in-depth details, see Methods). Cigarette smoking was significantly more prevalent in groups 1 versus groups 2 and 3, which is consistent with previous studies (16)(17)(18)(19). There were significant differences in HDL cholesterol levels among the three groups.…”

“…A dynamic interaction between spasm, platelet aggregates, and atherosclerotic plaque may precede coronary thrombosis. Although considerable research has been done for more than a decade on CAS, with the exception of cigarette smoking (16)(17)(18)(19), the causes and predisposing factors of CAS remain unknown.…”

Incidence, Pathophysiology, and Treatment of Complications During Dobutamine-Atropine Stress Echocardiography

“…89,90 Systolic "spasm" (or better compression) during dobutamine stress may be caused by myocardial bridging. 86 In 1 study, 87 including 51 patients with angina at rest accompanied with electrocardiographic ST-segment elevation, nonsignificant CAD, and proven spasm (induced with acetylcholine), dobutamine stress provoked ST-segment elevation in 7 patients (14%).…”

“…89,90 Un « spasme » systolique (ou, plus exactement, une compression) peut se produire sous dobutamine en cas d'existence d'un pont myocardique. 86 Dans une étude 87 ayant porté sur 51 patients atteints d'angor de repos avec sus-décalage du segment ST à l'ECG, présence d'une maladie coronaire dénuée d'incidence clinique et tendance avérée aux spasmes coronaires (induits par l'acétyl-choline), 7 (14 %) de ces sujets ont présenté un sus-décalage du segment ST lors de l'épreuve de stress sous dobutamine.…”

Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Heart Rate Variability in Health Adult Smokers in The Age of 20-60 Years

“…Compared to nonsmokers, smokers have increased incidence of coronary spasm and a reduced threshold for ventricular arrhythmias. [5][6][7] Smoking is associated with increased ventricular premature beats, and it is a strong risk factor for sudden cardiac death. [8] Smoking makes the heart work much harder, reduces its oxygen supply, makes clots more likely to form in blood vessels, and increases the risk of potentially fatal changes in the heart beat.…”