Smoking increases the risk of delirium for older inpatients: a prospective population-based study

Heßler, Johannes Baltasar; Brönner, Monika; Etgen, Thorleif; Gotzler, Othmar; Förstl, Hans; Poppert, Holger; Sander, Dirk; Bickel, Horst

doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.009

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Smoking was found to increase the risk of delirium through the buildup of microvascular and atherosclerotic changes in the brain (36). Studies by Hessler demonstrated only current smoking but not being a quitter and the lifetime amount smoked were associated with inpatient delirium (37). But our analysis did not indicate that these patients are at higher risk.…”

Section: Limitationcontrasting

confidence: 69%

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing major head and neck cancer surgery: a meta-analysis

Zhu

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Objective: Postoperative delirium is common after extensive surgery. This study aimed to collate and synthesize published literature on risk factors for delirium in patients with head and neck cancer surgery. Methods: Three databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library) between January 1987 and July 2016. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) was adopted to evaluate the study quality. Pooled odds ratios or mean differences for individual risk factors were estimated using the Mantel-Haenszel and inverse-variance methods. Results: They provided a total of 1940 patients (286 with delirium and 1654 without), and predominantly included patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery. The incidence of postoperative delirium ranged from 11.50% to 36.11%. Ten statistically significant risk factors were identified in pooled analysis. Old age, age >70 years, male sex, duration of surgery, history of hypertension, blood transfusions, tracheotomy, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status grade at least III, flap reconstruction and neck dissection were more likely to sustain delirium after head and neck cancer surgery. Conclusion: Delirium is common in patients undergoing major head neck cancer surgery. Several risk factors were consistently associated with postoperative delirium. These factors help to highlight patients at risk of developing delirium and are suitable for preventive action.

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Section: Limitationcontrasting

confidence: 69%

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing major head and neck cancer surgery: a meta-analysis

Zhu

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology

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“…Finally, smoking history was surprisingly correlated with a lower PODE rate in our review. This could be partially explained as only current smokers are associated with higher PODE risk and not quitters, 28 although we included both groups of patients in our analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing vascular surgery

Galyfos

Geropapas

Sianou

et al. 2017

Journal of Vascular Surgery

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This study has confirmed that PODE after vascular surgery procedures is a multifactorial disease, and several independent risk factors have been identified. However, pooled data regarding the effect of PODE on primary outcomes after vascular surgery procedures are still lacking. The results of this review could contribute to the designation of future prediction models and improve prevention of PODE in these patients.

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“…Smoking also increases the risk of hypertension [9], heart disease [10], and stroke [11]. Smoking is particularly consequential in older adults, as it can also increase risk of pneumonia and cognitive decline [12]. Many of these effects may also be seen with alcohol drinking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use among Economically Disadvantaged African American Older Adults; Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Status

Assari

Smith

Mistry

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Purpose. This study investigated the effects of objective and subjective socioeconomic status (SES) indicators on two health behaviors, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking, among African American older adults. Methods. This community-based study recruited 619 economically disadvantaged African American older adults (age ≥ 65 years) residing in South Los Angeles. Structured face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data. Data on demographic factors (age and gender), subjective SES (financial difficulties), objective SES (educational attainment), living arrangement, marital status, healthcare access (insurance), and health (number of chronic medical conditions, self-rated health, sick days, depression, and chronic pain) and health behaviors (cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking) were collected from participants. Logistic regressions were used to analyze the data. Results. High financial difficulties were associated with higher odds of smoking cigarettes and drinking alcohol, independent of covariates. Educational attainment did not correlate with our outcomes. Similar patterns emerged for cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. Conclusion. Subjective SES indicators such as financial difficulties may be more relevant than objective SES indicators such as educational attainment to health risk behaviors such as cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking among African American older adults in economically constrain urban environments. Smoking and drinking may serve as coping mechanisms with financial difficulty, especially among African American older adults. In line with the minorities’ diminished returns (MDR) theory, and probably due to discrimination against racial minorities, educational attainment has a smaller protective effect among economically disadvantaged African American individuals against health risk behaviors.

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Smoking increases the risk of delirium for older inpatients: a prospective population-based study

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing major head and neck cancer surgery: a meta-analysis

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing major head and neck cancer surgery: a meta-analysis

Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing vascular surgery

Substance Use among Economically Disadvantaged African American Older Adults; Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Status

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