Smoking habits and progression of coronary and aortic artery calcification: A 5-year follow-up of community-dwelling Japanese men

Pham, Tai; Fujiyoshi, Akira; Hisamatsu, Takashi; Kadowaki, Sayaka; Kadota, Aya; Zaid, Maryam; Kunimura, Ayako; Torii, Shuki; Segawa, Hiroyoshi; Kondo, Keiko; Horie, Minoru; Miura, Katsuyuki; Ueshima, Hirotsugu

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.05.016

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Along these lines, SAH and dyslipidemia, as described in other studies, 12,19 are statistically significant and have high odds ratios. Studies show that a sedentary lifestyle 20 and smoking 21 have substantial impacts on risk factors, as found in this study. These data are of greater importance when considering that 80% of deaths from CVD could be avoided by quitting smoking habits and practicing physical activity regularly.…”

Section: Scopel Et Al Tomographic Incidentalomas Of Coronary Calcific...supporting

confidence: 78%

Incidental Tomographic Findings of Coronary Artery Calcifications: A Prevalence Study in Southern Brazil

Scopel¹,

Medeiros²,

Maicá³

et al. 2023

ABC Imagem Cardiovascular

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Introduction: Coronary artery calcifications (CAC) are shown to be a predictive factor of cardiovascular diseases. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest with a low-dose acquisition protocol is accurate in identifying CAC and provides incidental findings of these calcifications, which are commonly overlooked. This study will analyze the prevalence of incidental findings of calcification in coronary arteries in non-cardiac individuals undergoing chest CT. Methods: Consecutive cross-sectional study of an analytical and descriptive nature. Individuals of both genders who underwent chest CT by referral, over 18 years of age and without heart disease were included. Data collection was carried out using medical records and a self-applied anamnesis form. The variables referring to the CAC and the extension of the impairment were obtained from the reassessment of the chest CT images available in the institution's system. The exams were anonymized and evaluated by two experienced radiologists. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 397 exams were analyzed. A prevalence of calcifications was found in 176 (44%) of the cases. The existence of these coronary calcifications is related to age (p<0.001). Calcifications are related to gender (p = 0.03) with a higher odds ratio of development in men (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55). Smoking (p<0.001), sedentary lifestyle (p<0.001), systemic arterial hypertension (p<0.001), Diabetes Mellitus (p = 0.04), and dyslipidemia (p<0.001) showed a positive association. Conclusion:The prevalence of incidental CAC findings was 44%; vary in greater numbers between mild and severe; higher odds ratio in males and increased prevalence with age. Therefore, chest CT proves to be an effective method to assess CAC, and together with the patient's clinical history, it can be used to measure risk factors for CVD and intervene in the outcome of the condition.

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Section: Scopel Et Al Tomographic Incidentalomas Of Coronary Calcific...supporting

confidence: 78%

Incidental Tomographic Findings of Coronary Artery Calcifications: A Prevalence Study in Southern Brazil

Scopel¹,

Medeiros²,

Maicá³

et al. 2023

ABC Imagem Cardiovascular

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“…Abdominal aortic calcification is strongly associated with smoking in general population. A study by Jung et al suggest even a low level of daily smoking increases the likelihood of aortic calcification; similar conclusion was shown from 5year follow-up study by Pham et al 1,2 Atherosclerotic plaque calcification usually affects the intimal layer of the wall, while calcification in the medial layer is ascribed to hypophosphatemia and hypercalcemia. The patient in our report is a smoker for over 20 years without any other comorbidities that are known to cause the condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Calcified Abdominal aortic occlusion: Treatment using Intravascular Lithotripsy

Shah

Someshwar

Mundada

et al. 2022

Journal of Clinical Interventional Radiology ISVIR

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Near total occlusion of abdominal aorta due to atherosclerotic calcification is a challenging condition to treat. Though use of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has proven to be an effective technique in the treatment of calcified arterial lesions, the data on the use of the technique in high grade occlusion of aortic stenosis is still limited. We present a case of abdominal aortic calcification treatment in a patient using IVL technique.

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“…Moreover, Pham et al supplemented the analysis for the relationship between smoking habits and the progression of coronary and aortic artery calcification in a follow-up study. 26 These findings supported that smoking is a strong risk factor for coronary calcification and atherosclerosis. Jung and colleagues observed the positive association between AAC and long-term smoking exposure in 218 men aged 40-81 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Modified effect of active or passive smoking on the association between age and abdominal aortic calcification: a nationally representative cross-sectional study

Yang

et al. 2021

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveThe deleterious effects of smoking on atherosclerosis were well known; however, the interaction among ageing, smoking and atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that the association between age and vascular calciﬁcation, a critical mark of atherosclerosis, was modified by smoking.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA nationally representative sample, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2013–2014.ParticipantsThis study included 3140 adults aged 40–80 years with eligible data for abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). Active and passive smoking exposure was identified through self-reports and tobacco metabolites (serum cotinine and urinary 4-methylnitrosamino-3-pyridyl-1-butanol).Primary outcome measuresAAC score was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. OR was estimated using the logistic regression method to assess the association between age and the presence of severe or subclinical AAC stratified by smoking exposure. The survey-weighted Wald test was used to evaluate potential interactions.ResultsAAC was positively associated with age in the general population. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity and other cardiovascular risk factors, age was significantly associated with the odds of severe AAC (OR for each 5-year increase in age: 1.66, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.87, p<0.001). As expected, the association between age and vascular calcification was especially stronger in smokers than in never smokers (p value for interaction ≤0.014). According to spline fitting, the progression of vascular calcification was significantly increased after 45 years in smokers compared with that after 60 years in never smokers. Quitting smoking may compromise the deleteriousness of the vascellum especially in younger adults. However, the difference in age-related calcification among never smokers with or without secondhand smoke exposure was minor, regardless of the definition by self-report, serum cotinine, or urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol.ConclusionsSmoking significantly accelerated the progression of age-related subclinical atherosclerosis. Early smoking cessation should be encouraged among young smokers. The effect of passive smoking exposure on arteriosclerosis should be assessed further.

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Smoking habits and progression of coronary and aortic artery calcification: A 5-year follow-up of community-dwelling Japanese men

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Incidental Tomographic Findings of Coronary Artery Calcifications: A Prevalence Study in Southern Brazil

Incidental Tomographic Findings of Coronary Artery Calcifications: A Prevalence Study in Southern Brazil

Calcified Abdominal aortic occlusion: Treatment using Intravascular Lithotripsy

Modified effect of active or passive smoking on the association between age and abdominal aortic calcification: a nationally representative cross-sectional study

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