Smoking exposure and allergic sensitization in children according to maternal allergies

Rahérison, Chantal; Pénard-Morand, C.; Moreau, David; Caillaud, D.; Charpin, D.; Kopferschmitt, Christine; Lavaud, F.; Taytard, A; Annesi‐Maesano, Isabella

doi:10.1016/s1081-1206(10)60598-4

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the present study we did not find reductions in allergen or mitogeninduced cytokine responses with MSP, with the exception of the IL-12 response referred to earlier, which, given the number of comparisons, may have been caused by chance. The literature is divided on whether MSP or post-natal ETS exposure modifies risk for atopy in children, with different studies finding that smoke exposure increased risk (27)(28)(29), decreased risk (30, 31), or did not modify risk (32,33). In some studies parental smoking only modified risk for atopy after stratification by maternal atopy (27,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Effects of Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy on Lung Function and Asthma in Adolescents

Hollams¹,

Klerk

Holt³

et al. 2014

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

107

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Rationale: The extent to which maternal smoking in pregnancy (MSP) has persisting effects on respiratory health remains uncertain and the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Alterations in immune function have been proposed as a mechanism contributing to respiratory disease.Objectives: To determine whether MSP increases risk of respiratory disorders in adolescence and, if so, whether this occurs by decreased lung function, altered immune function, and/or enhanced atopy.Methods: Data on spirometry, bronchial responsiveness, respiratory symptoms, total and allergen-specific IgE and IgG4, immune function, and inflammatory markers were obtained from 1,129 participants in the 14-year follow-up of the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Cohort and related to MSP using regression analyses.Measurements and Main Results: MSP was reported for 21.0% (237 of 1,129) of participants, with 92 (8.1%) reporting current smoking. MSP was associated with some altered immune measures at age 14. MSP was strongly related to reduced lung function in current nonsmokers (forced expiratory flow midexpiratory phase ], P = 0.016; FEV 1 /FVC, P = 0.009) and increased risk for current asthma (odds ratio [OR], 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-2.92; P = 0.01), current wheeze (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.14-2.75; P = 0.011), and exercise-induced wheeze (OR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.37-3.85; P = 0.002), but not for bronchial hyperresponsiveness or atopy. Adjustment for immune measures and/or lung function in multivariate models did not greatly alter these associations and the increased risks for asthma and wheeze were not modified by sex, atopy, or maternal history of asthma or atopy.Conclusions: MSP increases risk of asthma and wheezing in adolescence; mechanisms go beyond reducing lung function and exclude altering immune function or enhancing atopy.Keywords: atopy; immune function; bronchial hyperresponsiveness; Raine study At a Glance CommentaryScientific Knowledge on the Subject: The impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy on lung function and asthma risks in children is well known. However, how long these effects persist and how they are mediated is not clearly understood.What This Study Adds to the Field: The data from the present study show that maternal smoking during pregnancy increases risk for asthma and wheeze that persist into adolescence independent of effects on lower lung function, immune function, or allergic sensitization in adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Effects of Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy on Lung Function and Asthma in Adolescents

Hollams¹,

Klerk

Holt³

et al. 2014

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

107

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“…In large epidemiologic studies, its prevalence was found to be 13% among 10-year-old children in the French Six Cities study [1] and around 20% among adults [2]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Airborne Birch Pollen Levels on Clinical Symptoms of Seasonal Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis

Caillaud¹,

Martin²,

Ségala³

et al. 2013

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

Self Cite

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Background: Most panel studies focusing on rhinitis and conjunctivitis symptoms and birch pollen have been performed on a linear basis and have not included air pollution and meteorological variables as potential confounders. The objective of this panel study was to assess the relationship between symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and daily airborne birch pollen concentrations, checking with adequate statistical tools the shapes of concentration-response curves and controlling for confounders. Methods: The severity of rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchial symptoms was recorded daily in March and April 2010 (3,311 person-days) in 61 seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis patients sensitized to birch. Data were analyzed with generalized additive and generalized estimating equation models to quantify the effects of birch pollens. Results: The relationship between birch pollen and the percentage of patients with nasal, ocular and bronchial symptoms was linear until birch daily average concentrations of, respectively, 110, 70, and 70 grains/m³; it reached a plateau thereafter. For an increase of 10 grains/m³, the OR (95% CI) for nasal, ocular, and bronchial symptoms were, respectively, 1.07 (1.03-1.12), 1.17 (1.08-1.27), and 1.12 (1.03-1.21). At the beginning of the season, no nasal or ocular symptoms were observed below a threshold of 30 grains/m³. Conclusions: Adequate modeling regression shows that the clinical response to natural exposure to birch pollen in sensitized patients varies during Betula pollen season, with a threshold at the beginning of the season, while over the whole season the relationship is linear for nasal, ocular, and bronchial symptoms up to a saturation point, followed by a plateau.

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“…In addition, increasing experimental evidence shows that ETS exposure enhances the effect of the inhaled allergen on the physiologic response in the lungs of asthmatics and experimental animals [5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. However, there have been few epidemiologic evaluations of the effect of coexposure to ETS and endotoxins or exposure to indoor allergens on asthma symptoms and asthma-related symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Enhances Respiratory Symptoms and Responses to Animals in 8,819 Children in Kindergarten: Results from 25 Districts in Northeast China

Dong¹,

Ren²,

Da³

et al. 2010

Respiration

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Background: Experimental data suggest that asthma exacerbation by allergens is enhanced by exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); however, there is little supporting epidemiologic evidence. To our knowledge, few studies have assessed respiratory symptoms and allergies in this context. Objectives: To evaluate whether the association of exposure to animals (indicators of allergen and endotoxin exposure) with asthma-related symptoms is modified by ETS exposure in Chinese children. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 8,819 children in kindergarten was conducted in 25 districts in northern China. Information on respiratory health and exposure to indoor allergens was obtained using a standard questionnaire from the American Thoracic Society. Results: Among the children with ETS exposure in utero, the effects of exposure to animals were significant with respect to persistent cough [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.83; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–2.99] and persistent phlegm (adjusted OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.28–4.54). The combined effect of in utero ETS exposure and animal exposure on doctor-diagnosed asthma was approximately as expected on the basis of their independent effects on an additive scale. There was no interaction between animal exposure and ETS exposure in the first 2 years of life or current ETS exposure. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that animal and ETS exposure increases the risk of asthma-related symptoms in children in kindergarten. ETS exposure in utero did modify the effect of animal exposure on persistent phlegm and persistent cough but not on doctor-diagnosed asthma among children.

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Smoking exposure and allergic sensitization in children according to maternal allergies

Cited by 40 publications

References 27 publications

Persistent Effects of Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy on Lung Function and Asthma in Adolescents

Persistent Effects of Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy on Lung Function and Asthma in Adolescents

Effects of Airborne Birch Pollen Levels on Clinical Symptoms of Seasonal Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis

Exposure to Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Enhances Respiratory Symptoms and Responses to Animals in 8,819 Children in Kindergarten: Results from 25 Districts in Northeast China

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