Smoking cessation attitudes and practices among cancer survivors – United States, 2015

Gallaway, M. Shayne; Glover-Kudon, Rebecca; Momin, Behnoosh; Puckett, Mary; Lunsford, Natasha Buchanan; Ragan, Kathleen; Rohan, Elizabeth A.; Babb, Stephen

doi:10.1007/s11764-018-0728-2

Cited by 40 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…[19][20][21] Continuing to smoke after a cancer diagnosis has also been associated with overall poorer physical, social, and emotional functioning. 22,23 Previous studies [24][25][26][27][28] have examined the smoking practices among cancer survivors in the US. However, those studies did not include indicators of mental health, nor did they measure the impact on smoking behaviors of other tobacco-related nonmalignant conditions among cancer survivors who smoke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking Behaviors in Survivors of Smoking-Related and Non–Smoking-Related Cancers

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCE The population of cancer survivors is rapidly growing in the US. Tobacco smoking is associated with many cancers; however, whether cigarette smoking behaviors among cancer survivors vary according to cancer type-that is, smoking-related cancers (SRCs) vs non-smokingrelated cancers (NSRCs)-remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine cigarette smoking prevalence and behaviors (ie, continuing or quitting smoking) among cancer survivors and to compare them between survivors of SRCs and NSRCs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study was a cross-sectional analysis of the 2017 National Health Interview Survey, a household survey of civilian US residents who were aged 18 years or older. The National Health Interview Survey is population based and is representative of the US population. Data analysis was performed from June to October 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomes were prevalence of current cigarette smoking among cancer survivors and prevalence of continuing smoking and quitting smoking after a cancer diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included factors associated with continued smoking vs quitting smoking after a cancer diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 26 742 respondents (mean [SD] age, 50.97 [18.61] years; 14 646 women [51.76%]) to the 2017 National Health Interview Survey were included in this study. Of the 3068 individuals (9.42%) in the study population who had cancer, 589 (19.96%) were SRC survivors, 2297 (74.50%) were NSRC survivors, 168 (4.96%) were survivors of both SRC and NSRC, and the remaining 14 (0.58%) had missing information about the type of cancer. Four hundred forty-nine SRC survivors (54.08%) were women, compared with 1412 NSRC survivors (54.30%). Ninety-six SRC survivors (15.69%) and 151 NSRC survivors (7.99%) were younger than 45 years. Overall, 372 cancer survivors (13.16%) were current smokers. Current smoking prevalence was higher among survivors of SRCs (145 survivors [19.78%]) compared with NSRC survivors (251 survivors [10.63%]). Among cancer survivors, 309 current smokers at cancer diagnosis (43.96%) reported having successfully quit smoking and 372 (56.04%) reported continuing smoking. Among the continuing smokers, 176 (56.49%) reported an unsuccessful quit attempt in the last 12 months. After cancer diagnosis, SRC survivors had higher odds of continued smoking compared with NSRC survivors (odds ratio [OR],

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking Behaviors in Survivors of Smoking-Related and Non–Smoking-Related Cancers

et al. 2020

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“…Historically acknowledged as central to primary prevention of lung and other tobacco-related cancers, there is now compelling data for tertiary prevention with evidence that continued tobacco use has multiple adverse effects on cancer treatment outcomes including reduced survival, greater probability of recurrence, second primary malignancies, greater symptom burden, and poorer quality of life. 3,22 Additionally, a recent report has shown a potential $3.4 billion incremental cost of treating cancer failures associated with continued smoking among patients with cancer in the United States each year. 23 As such, most leading cancer organizations, including the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), strongly endorse advising patients to quit smoking and establishing evidence-based tobacco treatment delivery as an indicator of high-quality cancer care.…”

Section: Lung Cancer Treatment and Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and Early Detection for NSCLC: Advances in Thoracic Oncology 2018

Balata

Fong

Hendriks

et al. 2019

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

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Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Tobacco consumption remains the most important risk factor. Although the prevalence of smoking has decreased overall, it continues to be a significant burden for global health. It is estimated that there are still nearly 1 billion cigarette smokers worldwide. Prevention strategies have largely focused on tobacco control and prevention. However, we have witnessed a dramatic increase in the use of e-cigarettes and other vaping products. Primary chemoprevention has historically not been a successful strategy for lung cancer; however, focused approaches in specific groups of patients at high risk for development of lung cancer are underway. The majority of cases with NSCLC are diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic disease, where the overall prognosis remains very poor. Early-stage NSCLC on the other hand has a much better prognosis and can usually be treated radically with either surgical resection or radical radiotherapy, with relatively favorable long-term outcomes. In addition to image-based screening, other methods such as breath-based and biofluidbased approaches are now being investigated for early detection of NSCLC. This review will focus on recent advancements in the field of prevention, screening, and early detection of NSCLC.

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“…Factors considered to affect post-diagnosis smoking in prior reports, albeit inconsistently reported, include age, sex, cancer site, amount of smoking, and level of income [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, most of these reports were based on limited sample sizes and specific types of cancer [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of these reports were based on limited sample sizes and specific types of cancer [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Only a few studies have examined the representative, population-based sample; however, for these studies, data were collected using only one questionnaire after diagnosis and lacked information on longitudinal changes in smoking status, making it difficult to identify differences between quitters and persistent smokers [17][18][19][20]. Additionally, data on the Asian population in regard to a diagnosis of cancer and sustained smoking are lacking [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Predictors of Sustained Smoking after a Cancer Diagnosis in Korean Men

et al. 2020

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Although smoking has a significant impact on mortality and morbidity of cancer patients, many patients continue to smoke post-diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate prevalence and predictors of sustained smoking among male cancer survivors. Materials and Methods The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort database was used for this population-based, retrospective study. Study subjects were 15,141 men who were diagnosed with their first incident cancer between 2004 and 2011. Changes in smoking status before and after a cancer diagnosis were investigated. For patients who were current smokers pre-diagnosis, association between post-diagnosis sustained smoking and demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical variables were examined. Results Of the 4,657 pre-diagnosis smokers, 2,255 (48%) had quit after cancer diagnosis, while 2,402 (51.6%) continued to smoke. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, younger age at cancer diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21 to 1.55; p < 0.001), low socioeconomic status (aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.45; p ! 0.001), pre-diagnosis heavy smoking (aOR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.41; p=0.001), diagnosis of nonsmoking-related cancer (aOR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.42 to 1.96; p < 0.001), and high serum glucose level (aOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.46; p=0.019) were associated with sustained smoking after a cancer diagnosis. Conclusion Almost half of the male smokers continue to smoke after a cancer diagnosis. Targeted interventions for smoking cessation should be considered for patients with younger age, low socioeconomic status, heavy smoking history, non-smoking-related cancer, and high blood glucose levels.

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Smoking cessation attitudes and practices among cancer survivors – United States, 2015

Cited by 40 publications

References 60 publications

Smoking Behaviors in Survivors of Smoking-Related and Non–Smoking-Related Cancers

Smoking Behaviors in Survivors of Smoking-Related and Non–Smoking-Related Cancers

Prevention and Early Detection for NSCLC: Advances in Thoracic Oncology 2018

Prevalence and Predictors of Sustained Smoking after a Cancer Diagnosis in Korean Men

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