Smoking cessation and subsequent risk of cancer: A pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan

Saito, Eiko; Inoue, Manami; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Ito, Hidemi; Matsuo, Keitaro; Wakai, Kenji; Wada, Keiko; Nagata, Chisato; Tamakoshi, Akiko; Sugawara, Yumi; Tsuji, Ichiro; Mizoue, Tetsuya; Tanaka, Keitaro; Sasazuki, Shizuka

doi:10.1016/j.canep.2017.10.013

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The detrimental impact of active-as well as passive-smoking on health is well established, and ongoing efforts at mitigating cardiovascular, pulmonary and cancer risk by enforcing limitations to smoking are providing favorable clinical results [36][37][38]. In keeping with our own findings and other reports linking the use of modified risk products with adverse cardiovascular effects, it is evident that additional efforts are needed to limit the use of JUUL ® , GLO ® and IQOS ® , as well as other electronic alternatives to smoking, to maximize everyone's safety [39][40][41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Electronic Alternatives to Tobacco Cigarettes on Indoor Air Particular Matter Levels

Protano

Manigrasso

Cammalleri

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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An aerosol study was carried out in a test room measuring particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10, 4, 2.5 and 1 µm (PM10, PM4, PM2.5, PM1) before and during the use of electronic alternatives to tobacco cigarettes (EATC) IQOS®, GLO®, JUUL®, with different kinds of sticks/pods, as well as during the smoking of a conventional tobacco cigarette. The aerosol was mainly in the PM1 size range (>95%). All studied EATCs caused lower indoor PM1 concentrations than conventional tobacco cigarettes. Nevertheless, they determined a worsening of indoor-PM1 concentration that ranged from very mild for JUUL®—depending on the pod used—to considerably severe for IQOS® and GLO®. Median values ranged from 11.00 (Iqos3 and Juul2) to 337.5 µg m−3 (Iqos4). The high variability of particle loadings was attributed both to the type of stick/pod used and to the different way of smoking of volunteers who smoked/vaped during the experiments. Moreover, during vaping IQOS® and GLO® indoor PM1 concentrations reach levels by far higher than outdoor concentrations that range from 14 to 21 µg m−3, especially during the exhalation of the smoke. From these results emerge an urgent need of a legislative regulation limiting the use of such devices in public places.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Electronic Alternatives to Tobacco Cigarettes on Indoor Air Particular Matter Levels

Protano

Manigrasso

Cammalleri

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…The association between smoking status and dementia has been examined extensively [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], and a recent meta-analysis indicated that current smokers have a significantly higher risk of dementia [13]. However, it has been suggested that smoking cessation would attenuate the excess risk of dementia [13], in addition to other diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [14][15][16][17], cancers [18], and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [19]. Previous studies have indicated the risk of CVDs among smokers starts to decline within 2-4 years after smoking cessation [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have indicated the risk of CVDs among smokers starts to decline within 2–4 years after smoking cessation [ 14 – 16 ]. On the other hand, it appears that over 10 years of smoking cessation would be necessary until the risk of cancer began to decline [ 18 ]. However, it is still uncertain how long a period of smoking cessation would begin to reduce the risk of dementia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking cessation and incident dementia in elderly Japanese: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study

Sugawara

Zhang

et al. 2020

Eur J Epidemiol

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To investigate the association of smoking status and years since smoking cessation with the risk of incident dementia among elderly Japanese. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of smoking status and smoking cessation with dementia in prospective cohort study of 12,489 Japanese individuals aged ≥ 65 years who were followed up for 5.7 years. Information on smoking status and other lifestyle factors was collected via a questionnaire in 2006. Data on incident dementia were retrieved from the public Long-term Care Insurance Database. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the multivariableadjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for incident dementia. During 61,613 person-years of follow-up, 1110 cases (8.9%) of incident dementia were documented. Compared with individuals who had never smoked, current smokers showed a higher risk of dementia (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.17, 1.80). Among ex-smokers, the risk for those who had stopped smoking for ≤ 2 years was still high (HR 1.39, 95% CI 0.96, 2.01), however, quitting smoking for 3 years or longer mitigated the increased risk incurred by smokers; the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 1.03 (0.70, 1.53) for those who had stopped smoking for 3-5 years, 1.04 (0.74, 1.45) for 6-10 years, 1.19 (0.84, 1.69) for 11-15 years, and 0.92 (0.73, 1.15) for > 15 years. Our study suggests that the risk of incident dementia among ex-smokers becomes the same level as that of never smokers if they maintain abstinence from smoking for at least 3 years.

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“…Participants who choose to join the program might only do so because they have serious health problems or a strong motivation to quit smoking; for example, 38% of outpatient program participants had coexisting diseases [ 5 ]. According to pooled analysis from 8 cohort studies in Japan [ 8 ], to lower the risk of morbidity from smoking-related cancer to the same level as that of a lifetime non-smoker, male smokers needed over 21 years, and female smokers needed 11 years of abstinence. Therefore, early intervention is important, especially encouraging quitting in young people who might not yet have coexisting diseases or who might be motivated to quit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Ascure Smoking Cessation Program: Retrospective Study

Kato¹,

Tanigawa²,

Satake³

et al. 2020

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background Smoking cessation helps extend a healthy life span and reduces medical expenses. However, the standard 12-week smoking cessation program in Japan has several notable problems. First, only 30% of participants complete this program. Second, participants may choose not to participate unless they have a strong motivation to quit smoking, such as health problems. Third, the program does not provide enough support during the period between clinical visits and after 12 weeks. Objective This study examined the efficacy of the 24-week ascure program to address the problems of accessibility and continuous support. The program combines online mentoring, over-the-counter pharmacotherapy, and a smartphone app. Methods Using a retrospective study design, we investigated data for 177 adult smokers who were enrolled in the ascure smoking cessation program between August 2017 and August 2018. The primary outcomes were continuous abstinence rates (CARs) during weeks 9-12 and weeks 21-24. To confirm smoking status, we performed salivary cotinine testing at weeks 12 and 24. We also evaluated the program adherence rate. Finally, we performed exploratory analysis to determine the factors associated with continuous abstinence at weeks 21-24 to provide insights for assisting with long-term continuous abstinence. Results The CARs of all participants for weeks 9-12 and weeks 21-24 were 48.6% (95% CI 41.2-56.0) and 47.5% (95% CI 40.0-54.8), respectively. Program adherence rates were relatively high throughout (72% at week 12 and 60% at week 24). In the analysis of the factors related to the CAR at weeks 21-24, the number of entries in the app’s digital diary and number of educational videos watched during the first 12 weeks were significant factors. Conclusions The ascure program achieved favorable CARs, and participants showed high adherence. Proactive usage of the smartphone app may help contribute to smoking cessation success in the long-term.

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Smoking cessation and subsequent risk of cancer: A pooled analysis of eight population-based cohort studies in Japan

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Impact of Electronic Alternatives to Tobacco Cigarettes on Indoor Air Particular Matter Levels

Impact of Electronic Alternatives to Tobacco Cigarettes on Indoor Air Particular Matter Levels

Smoking cessation and incident dementia in elderly Japanese: the Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study

Efficacy of the Ascure Smoking Cessation Program: Retrospective Study

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