Smoking cessation and depression: current knowledge and future directions

Abstract

This paper reviews the literature on comorbid smoking and depression. Current models used to explain this co-occurrence are examined, as are treatment options (both psychological and pharmacological). This paper surmises that treatment planning should consider factors that potentially confound treatment efficacy, including the nature of the depressive illness and the patient's smoking profile. Although there is limited research examining the benefits of a stepped-care framework, a tiered treatment format appears to work well, assisting those who require minimal treatment, as well as those who prolonged difficulties. Further research examining a stepped-care framework for smokers at risk of depression is required, as is appropriate training for health practitioners using this model. Further directions for research and practice are also discussed.

Screening for mental disorder comorbidity in Australian alcohol and other drug residential treatment settings

“…There is an additive effect, a cumulative interaction between the two disorder types, but there is no persuasive evidence to suggest one model should be adopted over others to explain any possible association between the aetiology of the two (Howard et al, 2007;Wilhelm et al, 2006). Instead researchers assume no single model accounts for all cases of comorbidity and allow both that different models may explain comorbidity in different COD subgroups and that more than one model may apply to an individual (Lehman et al, 1989;Mueser et !…”

“…In the case of smoking/nicotine dependence these authors opine that a common genetic vulnerability could increase both the likelihood of experiencing depression and the likelihood of experiencing the positive effects of nicotine (an elevation in mood, subjective increases in wellbeing and even anti-depressant properties through excitation of the serotonergic system) (Wilhelm et al, 2006).…”

“…26! al., 1998;Wilhelm et al, 2006). It should be recognised that '[a]s in other areas of medicine, monolithic theories about etiology, coupled with simplistic approaches to treatment, spells disaster for patients with complicated problems' (Mirin, 1988, p. 154).…”

“…In the absence of such data, treatment for those with CODs may be suboptimal resulting in higher service utilisation and costs as well as all the harms known to attend undetected, untreated CODs (Wilhelm et al, 2006 The"Need"for"Validated"Screening"Instruments"…”

Impacto de la sintomatología depresiva en los resultados de un programa de deshabituación tabáquica en el lugar de trabajo

“…En realidad, la relación entre fumar y depresión ha sido bien establecida por varios estudios poblacionales 5,6 . La prevalencia de antecedentes de depresión entre fumadores oscila entre el 22% y el 61%, comparado con el 17% de la población general 7 . Algunos estudios afirman que haber padecido alguna vez un trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) empeora la abstinencia tabáquica 8,9 , particularmente en mujeres 10,11 , debido a una mayor intensidad del síndrome de abstinencia (concretamente tristeza y dificultad de concentración 12 ).…”