Smoking behavior among urban and rural Native American adolescents in California

Unger, Jennifer B.; Shakib, Sohaila; Cruz, Tess Boley; Hoffman, Beth R.; Pitney, Beth Howard; Rohrbach, Louise Ann

doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(03)00193-4

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Consistent with the available publication reports (Yang et al, 2003;Liu et al, 2006), the present indicated that married or divorced/widowed men were more likely to smoke than unmarried persons. This finding is in contrast to a study of Unger et al (2003) who reported that there was no association between smoking and marital status.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Associated Factors among Secondary School Teachers in Malaysia

Al-Naggar¹,

Jawad²,

Bobryshev³

2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Objective: The smoking prevalence in Malaysia is high, especially among men and adolescents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors towards cigarette smoking among school teachers in Malaysia. Methodology: This study was a school-based cross-sectional study conducted among 495 secondary school teachers. The questionnaire used in this study consisted of 29 questions categorized into two sections: socio-demographic characteristics and smoking behaviour. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program 13.0. ANOVA; t-tests were used in univariate analysis; multiple linear regression was applied for multivariate analysis. Results: The majority of the participants were female (81.6%), in the age group ranged between 30-39 years (44%), Malay (90.1%), married (89.7%), degree holders (85.1%), with monthly income ranged between 3000-3999 Ringgit Malaysia (33.5%), from urban areas (94.7%), their specialty is social studies (33.9%) and with no family history of cancer (83.6%). The prevalence of smoking among school teachers in Malaysia was found to be 7.8%. Regarding reasons to start smoking among school teachers: the major reason was found to be relaxation (33.3%), followed by stress-relief (28.2%). Univariate analysis showed that sex, educational status, monthly income and residency were significantly associated with smoking among school teachers (p<0.001, p=0.004, p=0.031, p=0.010; respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that gender and marital status were significantly associated with smoking among school teachers (p<0.001, p=0.033; respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking among school teachers in Malaysia was found to be relatively low. Sex, marital status, educational status, monthly income and residency were significantly associated with smoking among school teachers.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Associated Factors among Secondary School Teachers in Malaysia

Al-Naggar¹,

Jawad²,

Bobryshev³

2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Section: Acc Es Sibil I T Y a S Pr Edic Tor O F S M O K Ingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Although previous studies have found that perceived accessibility is associated with tobacco use among youths, 23,25 those studies were limited to cross-sectional analyses. Because youths who smoke may be more likely to perceive easy access to cigarettes, 26 it is not clear from existing studies whether perceived accessibility predicts future smoking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 These potential sources of cigarettes may cause youths, particularly smokers, to believe that tobacco products are easily accessible. [20][21][22][23] It remains unclear, however, whether perceived accessibility is a risk factor for smoking initiation among nonsmoking teens and for the escalation of tobacco use following initiation.It has been shown that youths who perceive easy access to an illegal substance are more likely to acquire and experiment with it. 24 Although previous studies have found that perceived accessibility is associated with tobacco use among youths, 23,25 those studies were limited to cross-sectional analyses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20][21][22][23] It remains unclear, however, whether perceived accessibility is a risk factor for smoking initiation among nonsmoking teens and for the escalation of tobacco use following initiation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived Accessibility as a Predictor of Youth Smoking

Doubeni¹,

Li²,

Fouayzi³

et al. 2008

The Annals of Family Medicine

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PURPOSE Youths who smoke are more likely to perceive that cigarettes are easily accessible, but the relationship between perceived accessibility of cigarettes and the risk of smoking is not clear. The objective of this study was to determine whether perceived accessibility predicted future smoking among youths.METHODS This study used data from the second Development and Assessment of Nicotine Dependence in Youth (DANDY-2) study, a 4-year (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) cohort study that began with 1,246 sixth-grade students in 6 Massachusetts communities. DANDY-2 comprised 11 waves of in-person interviews. A total of 1,195 students who were aged 11 to 14 years at the baseline interview in 2002 were eligible for inclusion in this report. The outcomes for this study were the onset of smoking initiation and regular tobacco use. RESULTSAt baseline 1,027 students had never smoked cigarettes, and 168 had previously initiated smoking. During the 4 years of the study, 177 students newly initiated smoking, and 109 became regular smokers. In unadjusted citystratifi ed Cox proportional hazard models, perceived accessibility increased the risk for smoking initiation among nonsmokers and regular smoking among all participants in a dose-response fashion. Perceived accessibility also increased the risk for smoking progression among initiators in a dose-response fashion. The associations between perceived accessibility and smoking were robust to adjustment for peer and parental smoking. Youths with both perceived accessibility and peer-smokers had a higher risk of regular smoking and progression after initiation than either factor alone. These associations were stable to adjustment for potential confounders other than peer smoking.CONCLUSIONS Perceived accessibility increases the risk for smoking among youths and has a stronger effect among those with peer smokers. There may be a role for identifying this group of youths for targeted interventions in child health care settings. Perceived accessibility should be carefully considered and measured in smoking intervention programs for teens. Ann Fam Med 2008:6;323-330. DOI: 10.1370/afm.841. INTRODUCTIONC igarette smoking is a major public health challenge worldwide. In developed countries many adult smokers initiated tobacco use during their teenage years; therefore, smoking experimentation and progression to regular tobacco use in adolescence represent potentially preventable milestones that may lead to nicotine addiction 1,2 and preventable major adverse health consequences. Although several factors have been shown to increase the risk of smoking in adolescence, [3][4][5][6][7] the relationship between perceived accessibility and youth tobacco use is poorly understood.In the United States, a combination of excise taxation, litigation against tobacco companies, and enforcement of laws prohibiting the sale of tobacco products to minors have increased the cost of and the diffi culty in obtaining tobacco products. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Despite these measures, many youths ...

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