Smoking and Risk for Diabetes Incidence and Mortality in Korean Men and Women

Jee, Sun Ha; Foong, Athena W.P.; Hur, Nam Wook; Samet, Jonathan M.

doi:10.2337/dc10-0261

Cited by 93 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We defined smoking intensity as number of cigarettes smoked per day. We defined high‐intensity smoking as smoking more than 20 cigarettes daily based on previous published literature 16. We measured cumulative dose of smoking in “pack‐years,” which we calculated by multiplying the number of packs of cigarettes per day by the number of years smoking.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Intensity Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus In Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

White

Cain

Benjamin

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundPrevious reports on whether smoking is associated with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus have yielded inconsistent findings. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoking and incident diabetes mellitus in the Jackson Heart Study.Methods and ResultsJackson Heart Study participants enrolled at baseline without prevalent diabetes mellitus (n=2991) were classified by self‐report as current smokers, past smokers (smoked ≥400 cigarettes/life and no longer smoking), or never smokers. We quantified smoking intensity by number of cigarettes smoked daily; we considered ≥20 cigarettes per day (1 pack) “high‐intensity.” We defined diabetes mellitus as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% or International Federation of Clinical Chemistry units HbA1c 48 mmol/mol, or use of diabetes mellitus medication. We estimated the adjusted associations of smoking status, intensity, and dose (pack‐years) with incident diabetes mellitus using Poisson regression models. At baseline there were 361 baseline current (1–10 cigarettes per day [n=242]; ≥20 [n=119]), 502 past, and 2128 never smokers. From Visit 1 to Visit 3 (mean 8.0±0.9 years), 479 participants developed incident diabetes mellitus. After adjustment for covariates, baseline current smokers who smoked less than a pack/d and past smokers had similar rates of incident diabetes mellitus compared with never smokers (incidence rate ratios 1.04, 95% confidence interval, 0.69–1.58 and 1.08, 95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.42, respectively). Baseline current high‐intensity smokers had a 79% (95% confidence interval, 1.14–2.81) higher incidence of diabetes mellitus compared with never smokers. Smoking dose (per 10 pack‐years) was also associated with a higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (incidence rate ratios 1.10, 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.19) in adjusted models.ConclusionsHigh‐intensity cigarette smoking and smoking pack‐years are associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus in blacks.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Intensity Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus In Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

White

Cain

Benjamin

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…Given the recommendation that only a simple inverse variance weight be used when deriving the summary estimate, asymmetry was likely the product of a large Korean study, which provided 65% of participant data and reported a lower degree of risk reduction than most other studies (40). The impact of the Korean study upon modeled doseresponse curves was diminished after the addition of a random-effects weighting component in the primary analyses undertaken for this article (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Small-study Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of More Than 1.9 Million Individuals From 38 Observational Studies

2015

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OBJECTIVEObservational studies indicate that moderate levels of alcohol consumption may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. In addition to providing an updated summary of the existing literature, this meta-analysis explored whether reductions in risk may be the product of misclassification bias. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA systematic search was undertaken, identifying studies that reported a temporal association between alcohol consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes. No restrictions were placed upon the language or date of publication. Non-English publications were, where necessary, translated using online translation tools. Models were constructed using fractional polynomial regression to determine the best-fitting dose-response relationship between alcohol intake and type 2 diabetes, with a priori testing of sex and referent group interactions. RESULTSThirty-eight studies met the selection criteria, representing 1,902,605 participants and 125,926 cases of type 2 diabetes. A conventional noncurrent drinking category was reported by 33 studies, while five reported a never-drinking category. Relative to combined abstainers, reductions in the risk of type 2 diabetes were present at all levels of alcohol intake <63 g/day, with risks increasing above this threshold. Peak risk reduction was present between 10-14 g/day at an 18% decrease in hazards. Stratification of available data revealed that reductions in risk may be specific to women only and absent in studies that adopted a never-drinking abstention category or sampled an Asian population region. CONCLUSIONSReductions in risk among moderate alcohol drinkers may be confined to women and non-Asian populations. Although based on a minority of studies, there is also the possibility that reductions in risk may have been overestimated by studies using a referent group contaminated by less healthy former drinkers.

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“…In the updated meta-analysis, the association between smoking and incident type 2 diabetes was slightly stronger for men (2). Two other studies, which were published after the cutoff date of the updated meta-analysis, also showed a slightly higher risk for men (16,17).…”

Section: Differences Between Men and Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and Long-Term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The EPIC-InterAct Study in European Populations

Spijkerman

Nilsson

et al. 2014

Diabetes Care

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OBJECTIVEThe aims of this study were to investigate the association between smoking and incident type 2 diabetes, accounting for a large number of potential confounding factors, and to explore potential effect modifiers and intermediate factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct is a prospective case-cohort study within eight European countries, including 12,403 cases of incident type 2 diabetes and a random subcohort of 16,835 individuals. After exclusion of individuals with missing data, the analyses included 10,327 cases and 13,863 subcohort individuals. Smoking status was used (never, former, current), with never smokers as the reference. Country-specific Prenticeweighted Cox regression models and random-effects meta-analysis were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for type 2 diabetes.

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Smoking and Risk for Diabetes Incidence and Mortality in Korean Men and Women

Cited by 93 publications

References 19 publications

High‐Intensity Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus In Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

High‐Intensity Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With Incident Diabetes Mellitus In Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study

Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of More Than 1.9 Million Individuals From 38 Observational Studies

Smoking and Long-Term Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The EPIC-InterAct Study in European Populations

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