Smoking and Passive Smoke Exposure Among Adolescents in Germany

Kuntz, Benjamin; Lampert, Thomas

doi:10.3238/arztebl.2016.0023

Cited by 40 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The association between adolescent smoking and parental education has been observed in earlier studies [7,8]. Parents with low education level are more likely to smoke [30,31], and parental smoking is a major risk factor of adolescent smoking [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Socioeconomic Trends in Adolescent Smoking in Finland From 2000 to 2015

Knaappila

Marttunen

Fröjd

et al. 2019

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Smoking is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the past decades, the prevalence of adolescent smoking has decreased in industrial countries. However, whether the decreasing trend can be seen across all socioeconomic groups is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine time trends in adolescent smoking according to the socioeconomic status among Finnish adolescents between 2000 and 2015. Methods: A population-based school survey was conducted biennially among 14-to 16-year-old Finns between 2000 and 2015 (n ¼ 761,278). Distributions for frequent smoking, lifelong nonsmoking, and socioeconomic adversities (low parental education, not living with both parents and parental unemployment during the past year) were calculated. Associations were studied using binomial logistic regression results shown by odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Frequent smoking was positively associated and lifelong nonsmoking was negatively associated with socioeconomic adversities. Over the study period, the overall prevalence of frequent smoking decreased and lifelong nonsmoking increased. However, no similar changes were observed among adolescents with most socioeconomic adversities. Conclusion: Socioeconomic differences in adolescent smoking increased in Finland between 2000 and 2015. Although the overall prevalence of frequent smoking decreased, no similar decrease was observed among adolescents with most socioeconomic adversities. Similarly, although the overall prevalence of lifelong nonsmoking increased, this was not observed among adolescents with most socioeconomic adversities. Socioeconomic adversities should be considered in the prevention of adolescent smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Of the SES indicators, low parental education has been associated with adolescent smoking [4,7,8]. The likelihood of smoking has also been observed to be more common among adolescents not living with both parents than among those living in intact families [18e20].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Trends in Adolescent Smoking in Finland From 2000 to 2015

Knaappila

Marttunen

Fröjd

et al. 2019

Journal of Adolescent Health

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“…Diese unseres Wissens nach erste Analyse des Inanspruchnahmeverhaltens der ärztlichen Versorgung bei rauchenden und nicht rauchenden Jugendlichen im Alter von 14-17 Jahren in Deutschland zeigt z. T. deutlich erhöhte Inanspruchnahmen ambulanter und stationärer Leistungen. Die ermittelte Prävalenz des Rauchens war zwar höher als der Wert in der vollständigen KiGGS-Basiserhebung (31,7 vs. 20,4 %), dies ist aber auf unsere Studienpopulation zurückzuführen, in der die 11-13-Jährigen nicht enthalten waren, bei denen der Anteil der Tabakexponierten wesentlich geringer war [12]. Die Gruppe der Raucher unterschied sich von der Gruppe der nicht rauchenden Jugendlichen im Wesentlichen nur in Bezug auf den Sozialstatus.…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

“…Da der kindliche Organismus noch nicht gänzlich ausgereift ist, haben die kanzerogenen Bestandteile der Zigaretten ein umso größeres Schadenspotenzial [11]. Auch wenn im letzten Jahrzehnt ein Rückgang der Rauch-Prävalenz festzustellen war und sich der Anteil jugendlicher Raucher seitdem mehr als halbiert hat [10,12], raucht immer noch ein beträchtlicher Anteil von Jugendlichen. In der Welle 1 der Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland (KiGGS) wurde dieser Anteil auf 12 % beziffert [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tabakkonsum und Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Leistungen im Jugendalter – Eine Analyse der KIGGS Daten

et al. 2016

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In Germany, there is a lack of information on the correlation between tobacco use by adolescents and their utilization of medical care. The aim of this article is to identify possible early consequences of adolescent smoking. We conducted a re-analysis of cross-sectional data of the baseline wave (2003-2006) of the German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS). To examine the association between current smoking status and utilization of medical care during the 12 months before the interview, prevalence of selected diseases was calculated, and stratified by smoking status. Besides, the proportion of adolescents who consulted a physician at least once and the total number of medical consultations were estimated. For the inpatient setting, information about the number of nights spent in a hospital was analyzed. In a multiple logistic regression, the association of smoking behavior with utilization of outpatient medical care was assessed, further adjusting for sociodemographic variables and comorbidities. The study population included 3 679 adolescents aged between 14 and 17 years. 49.1% were female and 31.7% were current smokers. Among smokers, there was an increased prevalence of cystitis (+87.0%) and bronchitis (+50.0%). Tobacco users consulted a general practitioner more frequently than non-smokers (+30.8%). As far as medical specialists are concerned, there were more consultations with psychiatrists (+171.4%) and psychologists (+94.4%), but there was no increase in the total number of visits. Additionally, smoking adolescents were more frequently hospitalized (+26.5%) and the stays were of longer duration (+19.7%). There was a statistically significant association between current tobacco use and a greater utilization of medical care (OR=1.20; 95%-CI: 1.02-1.40). Tobacco use among adolescents was associated with increased prevalence of certain diseases and a greater utilization of medical care. Nevertheless, whether there is a causal connection is still debatable. The KiGGS cohort study will provide opportunities to further clarify the observed association.

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“…3 In spite of the decline in prevalence over recent years, strong socioeconomic and educational inequalities in smoking exist. [3][4][5] Strengths and limitations of this study ▪ This is the first randomised trial on app-based tobacco prevention in the school setting. ▪ The majority of German 12-year-old pupils use smartphones on a regular basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoaging smartphone app promoting poster campaign to reduce smoking prevalence in secondary schools: the Smokerface Randomized Trial: design and baseline characteristics

et al. 2016

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IntroductionSmoking is the largest cause of preventable death globally. Most smokers smoke their first cigarette in early adolescence. We took advantage of the widespread availability of mobile phones and adolescents’ interest in appearance to develop a free photoaging app which is promoted via a poster campaign in secondary schools. This study aims to evaluate its effectiveness regarding smoking prevalence and students’ attitudes towards smoking.Methods and analysisA randomised controlled trial is conducted with 9851 students of both genders with an average age of 12 years in grades 6 and 7 of 126 secondary schools in Germany. At present, cigarette smoking prevalence in our sample is 4.7%, with 4.6% of the students currently using e-cigarettes (1.6% use both). The prospective experimental study design includes measurements at baseline and at 6, 12 and 24 months postintervention via a questionnaire plus a random cotinine saliva sample at 24 months postintervention. The study groups consist of randomised schools receiving the Smokerface poster campaign and control schools with comparable baseline data (no intervention). The primary end point is the difference of change in smoking prevalence in the intervention group versus the difference in the control group at 24 months follow-up. Longitudinal changes in smoking-related attitudes, the number of new smokers and quitters and the change in the number of never-smokers will be compared between the two groups as secondary outcomes.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the University of Gießen and the ministries of cultural affairs, both in Germany. Results will be disseminated at conferences, in peer-reviewed journals, on our websites and throughout the multinational Education Against Tobacco network.Trial registration numberNCT02544360, Pre-results.

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Smoking and Passive Smoke Exposure Among Adolescents in Germany

Abstract: The findings suggest that the measures implemented in recent years to protect adolescents from the health risks of active and passive smoking have been beneficial independently of the adolescents' social backgrounds.

Cited by 40 publications

References 24 publications

Socioeconomic Trends in Adolescent Smoking in Finland From 2000 to 2015

Socioeconomic Trends in Adolescent Smoking in Finland From 2000 to 2015

Tabakkonsum und Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Leistungen im Jugendalter – Eine Analyse der KIGGS Daten

Photoaging smartphone app promoting poster campaign to reduce smoking prevalence in secondary schools: the Smokerface Randomized Trial: design and baseline characteristics

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