Smoking and overweight associated with masked uncontrolled hypertension: a Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) Sub-Study

Holanger, Magnus; Kjeldsen, Sverre E.; Jamerson, Kenneth; Julius, Stevo; investigators, Hot Study

doi:10.1080/08037051.2020.1787815

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Similar findings have been reported from previous studies 28 55 56. About one-third (36.9%) of the patients with uncontrolled hypertension had a history of current smoking, similar to the findings from previous studies 57 58. Unlike in other studies, in the current study, smoking was not associated with uncontrolled hypertension possibly due to few numbers of patients who did report to have been smoking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among patients with early chronic kidney disease attending tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Katatwire,

Meremo

2023

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension and its associated factors among patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) attending medical outpatient clinics at tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTwo tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania.ParticipantsThe participants in this study were adult patients (≥18 years) with early CKD stages (1, 2 and 3) who were attending nephrology and medical outpatient clinics from November 2020 to March 2021. Patients who had been attending the clinic for at least 3 months, had baseline clinical data on their files, had estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2and who provided written informed consent were eligible. A total of 352 patients were enrolled, of whom 182 were men and 170 were women.Outcome measureThe dependent variable was uncontrolled hypertension among patients with early CKD, based on blood pressure measurements.ResultsThe prevalence of hypertension was 58.5% (206 of 352) and the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 58.3% (120 of 206). Among patients with uncontrolled hypertension, 88.3% (106 of 120) had CKD stage 3, 80.2% (96 of 120) reported non-adherence to antihypertensives, 76.7% (92 of 120) were overweight or obese, 72.5% (87 of 120) reported current alcohol use and 26.7% (32 of 120) had diabetes mellitus. Factors that contributed to higher odds of uncontrolled hypertension were: age ≥50 years (OR=5.17, 95 % CI 2.37 to 13.33, p=0.001), alcohol use (OR=11.21, 95% CI 3.83 to 32.84, p=0.001), non-adherence to antihypertensives (OR=10.19, 95% CI 4.22 to 24.61, p=0.001), overweight/obesity (OR=6.28, 95% CI 2.54 to 15.53, p=0.001) and CKD stage 3 (OR=3.52, 95% CI 1.32 to 9.42, p=0.012).ConclusionUncontrolled hypertension was highly prevalent among patients with early CKD in this setting and was associated with age, current alcohol use, non-adherence to antihypertensives, overweight/obesity and declining eGFR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among patients with early chronic kidney disease attending tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Katatwire,

Meremo

2023

BMJ Open

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“…[ 24 ] The Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) study also found UHT to be associated with tobacco smoking. [ 25 ] However, the prevalence of UHT (among those taking medication for hypertension) was not significantly different among smoked and smokeless tobacco users. This could mean that tobacco use is a significant risk factor for having high BP, while its association with UHT, though aPR >1, was not statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco use and uncontrolled hypertension among Indian men: Insights from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015-2016

Singh

Sharma

Jeyashree

et al. 2022

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Background: Tobacco use is a modifiable risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases, of which hypertension is a major killer. Uncontrolled hypertension (UHT) is a major public health concern that exerts a financial and service burden on the health system. Aim: The current analysis aimed to determine the association between tobacco use and UHT among Indian males. Material and Methods: Data from the 4 th National Family Health Survey (NFHS) of 1,04,120 men aged 15–54 years were used. We estimated the adjusted prevalence ratio for having UHT among reported tobacco users and non-users. Results: The prevalence of UHT was the lowest (41.02%) among those who did not consume tobacco in any form. Among tobacco users, those smoking tobacco had the highest prevalence (53.53%) of UHT followed by those using both smoked and smokeless forms of tobacco (43.84%) and those using only smokeless forms of tobacco (42.26%). Factors significantly associated with UHT were alcohol consumption (aPR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.19–1.43), belonging to the richer wealth quintile (richest quintile- aPR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.05–1.38), being overweight (aPR: 3.14, 95% CI: 2.35–4.21), and being obese (aPR: 2.89, 95% CI: 2.12–.94). Higher educational status was significantly protective against UHT (aPR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63–0.88). Conclusions: Tobacco use is significantly associated with hypertension in Indian men. Addressing tobacco control and prevention of UHT remain the cornerstones for achieving the SDG target 3.4 by 2030, which aims to reduce premature mortality from NCDs by a third by 2030 relative to 2015 levels.

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“…Smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and smoking is associated with hypertension 30,31 . In this study, the result of the logistic regression analysis showed that smoking behavior were risk factor to hypertension, the OR of personal taste was 1.256.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction on hypertension between family history and diabetes and other risk factors

Li¹,

Peng²,

Shao³

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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To explore the individual effect and interaction of diabetes and family history and other risk factors on hypertension in Han in Shanghai China. The method of case–control study with l:l matched pairs was used, 342 cases of hypertension and 342 controls were selected and investigate their exposed factors with face-to-face. The method of epidemiology research was used to explore the individual effect and interaction of diabetes and family history and other risk factors on hypertension. The individual effect of family history (OR = 4.103, 95%CI 2.660–6.330), diabetes (OR = 4.219, 95%CI 2.926–6.083), personal taste (OR = 1.256, 95%CI 1.091–1.593), drinking behavior (OR = 1.391, 95%CI 1.010–1.914) and smoking behavior (OR = 1.057, 95%CI 1.00–1.117) were significant (p < 0.05). But individual effect of sex, education, occupation, work/life pressure, environmental noise, sleeping time and sports habit were not significant (p > 0.05). The OR of interaction between FH and DM to hypertension was 16.537 (95%CI 10.070–21.157), between FH and drinking behavior was 4.0 (95%CI 2.461–6.502), FH and sport habit was 7.668 (95%CI 3.598–16.344), FH and personal taste was 6.521 (95%CI 3.858–11.024), FH and smoking behavior was 5.526 (95%CI 3.404–8.972), FH and work/life pressure was 4.087 (95%CI 2.144–7.788). The SI of FH and DM was 2.27, RERI was 8.68, AP was 52.48% and PAP was 55.86%. FH and DM, personal taste, smoking behavior had positive interaction on hypertension, but FH and sport habits, drinking behavior, work/life pressure had reverse interaction on hypertension. FH and diabetes were very important risk factors with significant effect for hypertension. FH and diabetes, personal taste, smoking behavior had positive interaction on hypertension, but FH and sport habits, drinking behavior, work/life pressure had reverse interaction on hypertension.

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Smoking and overweight associated with masked uncontrolled hypertension: a Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) Sub-Study

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence of and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among patients with early chronic kidney disease attending tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence of and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among patients with early chronic kidney disease attending tertiary hospitals in Dodoma, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

Tobacco use and uncontrolled hypertension among Indian men: Insights from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015-2016

The interaction on hypertension between family history and diabetes and other risk factors

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