Smoking and Oral Health

Allam, Eman; Zhang, Weiping; Zheng, Cunge; Gregory, Richard L.; Windsor, L. Jack

doi:10.1002/9783527635320.ch13

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Smoking tobacco is one of the factors affecting the spread of dental caries lesions. Smoking 1 cigarette exposes the oral cavity to approximately 1 mg of nicotine (Allam et al 2011), and recent studies in Dr. Gregory’s laboratory investigated nicotine’s effects on S. mutans . It was found that nicotine increases biofilm formation and metabolic activity of aerobic-grown S. mutans at concentrations of 2 to 8 mg/mL (Huang and Gregory 2012).…”

Section: Effect Of Nicotine On Streptococcus Mutansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

et al. 2019

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The oral cavity is usually the first part of a consumer’s body exposed to the constituents of tobacco products or their emissions. Consequently, the oral cavity is a frequent site for carcinogenic, microbial, immunologic, and clinical effects of tobacco use. This article summarizes 5 presentations on various aspects of oral health affected by combusted or noncombusted tobacco products from a recent conference, “Oral Health Effects of Tobacco Products: Science and Regulatory Policy,” sponsored by the American Association for Dental Research and the Food and Drug Administration.

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Section: Effect Of Nicotine On Streptococcus Mutansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

et al. 2019

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“…Nicotine is an alkaloid present in tobacco and accounts for about 0.6–3.0% of the dry tobacco weight. It inhibits fibroblasts via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and facilitates the invasion of Porphyromonas gingivalis into epithelial cells and human gingival fibroblasts . The amount of nicotine in tobacco is different from the amount of nicotine in cigarettes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nicotine on growth and metabolism of Streptococcus mutans

Huang

Gregory

2012

European J Oral Sciences

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126

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Streptococcus mutans is a key contributor to dental caries. Smokers have a higher number of caries-affected teeth than do nonsmokers, but the association among tobacco, nicotine, caries, and S. mutans growth has not been investigated in detail. Seven S. mutans strains--UA159, UA130, 10449, A32-2, NG8, LM7, and OMZ175--were used in the present study. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC), planktonic cell growth, biofilm formation, metabolism, and structure (determined using scanning electron microscopy) of the seven strains treated with different concentrations of nicotine (0-32 mg ml(-1)) were investigated. The MIC, MBC, and MBIC were 16 mg ml(-1) (0.1 M), 32 mg ml(-1) (0.2 M), and 16 mg ml(-1) (0.1 M), respectively, for most of the S. mutans strains. Growth of planktonic S. mutans cells was significantly repressed by 2.0-8.0 mg ml(-1) of nicotine. Biofilm formation and metabolic activity of S. mutans was increased in a nicotine-dependent manner up to 16.0 mg ml(-1) of nicotine. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that S. mutans treated with a high concentration of nicotine a had thicker biofilm and more spherical bacterial cells. In summary, nicotine enhances S. mutans biofilm formation and biofilm metabolic activity. These results suggest that smoking can increase the development of caries by fostering increased formation of S. mutans biofilm on tooth surfaces.

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“…The chemical compounds in both phases are the result of chemical processes occurring at high temperature and involving the different ingredients of the cigarette (tobacco, additives and paper) . The toxicity of the cigarette smoke is directly correlated with its chemical composition . Three types of cigarette smoke have to be considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the mainstream cigarette smoke aerosols by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry coupled to laser/desorption and electrospray ionization – Additional insights on the heteroaromatic components

Kamissoko

Carré

Schramm

et al. 2019

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale:The chemical composition of the particulate phase of cigarette smoke inhaled by the active smoker is still poorly known in spite of its importance from a health point of view. A non-targeted approach is applied to cigarette smoke particles collected on a quartz filter to obtain an as complete as possible description of this complex mixture.Methods: A home-made smoking machine including devices for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particle sampling was used. The validation of the cigarette smoking and cigarette smoke collection procedures was conducted by the quantification of some compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The particles were investigated by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) directly after their collection on quartz filters by laser/desorption ionization (LDI) or after extraction with CH 2 Cl 2 by electrospray ionization (ESI). Results: The determination of the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (from 2 to 35 μg/cigarette) and nicotine (0.68 ± 0.05 mg/cigarette) validated the used sampling method. The complementarity of the LDI and ESI sources for the cigarette smoke analysis was established. The ESI analyses evidenced polar compounds and components with a pyridine group and LDI ensured the detection of polycondensed heteroaromatic species. Finally, this methodology was employed to characterize particles from cigarettes with or without flavoring additives. Conclusions: Some insights into the composition of cigarette smoke inhaled by active smokers have been obtained. The~1750 observed features revealed the huge complexity of cigarette smoke particles and the diversity of the possible associated health issues. Both heteroaromatic and highly oxygenated compounds produced by combustion and pyrolysis have been highlighted.

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Smoking and Oral Health

Cited by 5 publications

References 125 publications

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

Effect of nicotine on growth and metabolism of Streptococcus mutans

Study of the mainstream cigarette smoke aerosols by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry coupled to laser/desorption and electrospray ionization – Additional insights on the heteroaromatic components

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