Smoking and obesity in Chile's Third National Health Survey: light and shade

Bachelet, Vivienne C.; Lanas, Fernando

doi:10.26633/rpsp.2018.132

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There was also a reduction in the proportion of smokers with high tobacco dependence (those smoking within the first 60 minutes of waking up in the morning), which decreased from 33.2% (2010 NHS) to 22.3% (2017 NHS). Passive smokers prevalence fell from 31.0% to 15.2% during the same period [50].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, this previous analysis used data for 2015 when there was a higher smoking prevalence. As pointed out before, the national smoking prevalence fell 6.5 percentage points in the 2017 NHS in relation to the 2010 NHS [2,50], which can be the result of the regulations that have considerably limited the spaces were smoking is now permitted in Chile. These regulations were enforced with active supervision and control, and monetary fines were imposed to offenders [51].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Health burden and economic costs of smoking in Chile: The potential impact of increasing cigarettes prices

et al. 2020

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Background Globally, tobacco consumption continues to cause a huge burden of preventable diseases. Chile has been leading the tobacco burden ranking in the Latin American region for the last ten years; it has currently a 33. 3% prevalence of current smokers. Methods A microsimulation economic model was developed within the framework of a multi-country project in order to estimate the burden attributable to smoking in terms of morbidity, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and direct costs of care. We also modelled the impact of increasing cigarettes' taxes on this burden. Results In Chile, 16,472 deaths were attributable to smoking in 2017, which represent around 16% of all deaths. This burden corresponds to 416,445 DALYs per year. The country's health system spends 1.15 trillion pesos annually (in Dec 2017 CLP, approx. U$D 1.8 billion) in health care treatment of illnesses caused by smoking. If the price of tobacco cigarettes was to be raised by 50%, around 13,665 deaths and 360,476 DALYs from smoking-attributable diseases would be averted in 10 years, with subsequent savings on health care costs, and increased tax revenue collection. In Chile, the tobacco tax collection does not fully cover the direct healthcare costs attributed to smoking. Conclusion Despite a reduction observed on smoking prevalence between 2010 (40.6%) and 2017 (33.3%), this study shows that the burden of disease, and the economic toll due to smoking,

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Health burden and economic costs of smoking in Chile: The potential impact of increasing cigarettes prices

et al. 2020

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“…The survey included a structured interview, anthropometric measurements, and a blood sample. The survey instrument included selected questions from the Chilean National Health Survey 11 . Before the definitive study protocol, the proposal was presented and approved by several Haitian community leaders in Chile and to NGOs working with migrants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious and non-infectious diseases burden among Haitian immigrants in Chile: a cross-sectional study

Fuster

Peirano

Vargas

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Chile has become a popular destination for migrants from South America and the Caribbean (low- and middle-income countries migration). Close to 200.000 Haitian migrants have arrived in Chile. Infectious and non-infectious disease burden among the Haitian adult population living in Chile is unknown. This study aimed to acquire the basic health information (selected transmissible and non-transmissible conditions) of the Haitian adult population living in Chile. A cross-sectional survey was performed, inviting Haitian-born residents in Chile older than 18 years old. Common conditions and risk factors for disease were assessed, as well as selected transmissible conditions (HIV, HBV, and HCV). 498 participants (60.4% female) from 10 communities in two regions of Chile were surveyed. Most subjects had never smoked (91.5%), and 80% drank less than one alcohol unit per month. The mean BMI was 25.6, with 45% of participants having a normal BMI (20–25). Hypertension was present in 31.5% (33% in the 25–44 age group). Prevalence of HIV was 2.4% (95 CI 1.3–4.2%), hepatitis B (HBsAg positive) was 3.4% (95 CI 2.1–5.5%), and hepatitis C was 0% (95 CI 0.0–0.9%). Quality of life showed a significant prevalence of depression and anxiety markers, particularly in those arriving in Chile less than 1 year ago. Low prevalence of obesity, diabetes, smoking, and drinking and estimated cardiovascular risk were found. Nonetheless, hypertension at a younger age, disproportionately higher prevalence of HIV and HBV infection and frequent markers of anxiety and depression were also found. Public policies for detecting and treating hypertension, HIV, and HBV screening, offering HBV vaccination, and organizing mental health programs for Haitian immigrants, are urgently needed.

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“…In the case of Chile, the deprived population exhibits an overall less healthy diet than affluent dwellers 29 . Chile has the third-highest obesity rate among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), with higher rates reported among women and socioeconomically marginalized communities 30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compound climate-pollution extremes in Santiago de Chile

Féron

Cordero

Damiani

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Cities in the global south face dire climate impacts. It is in socioeconomically marginalized urban communities of the global south that the effects of climate change are felt most deeply. Santiago de Chile, a major mid-latitude Andean city of 7.7 million inhabitants, is already undergoing the so-called “climate penalty” as rising temperatures worsen the effects of endemic ground-level ozone pollution. As many cities in the global south, Santiago is highly segregated along socioeconomic lines, which offers an opportunity for studying the effects of concurrent heatwaves and ozone episodes on distinct zones of affluence and deprivation. Here, we combine existing datasets of social indicators and climate-sensitive health risks with weather and air quality observations to study the response to compound heat-ozone extremes of different socioeconomic strata. Attributable to spatial variations in the ground-level ozone burden (heavier for wealthy communities), we found that the mortality response to extreme heat (and the associated further ozone pollution) is stronger in affluent dwellers, regardless of comorbidities and lack of access to health care affecting disadvantaged population. These unexpected findings underline the need of a site-specific hazard assessment and a community-based risk management.

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Smoking and obesity in Chile's Third National Health Survey: light and shade

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Health burden and economic costs of smoking in Chile: The potential impact of increasing cigarettes prices

Health burden and economic costs of smoking in Chile: The potential impact of increasing cigarettes prices

Infectious and non-infectious diseases burden among Haitian immigrants in Chile: a cross-sectional study

Compound climate-pollution extremes in Santiago de Chile

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