Smoking and carpal tunnel syndrome: A meta‐analysis

Abstract

We found an association between smoking and CTS in cross-sectional studies. This association should be explored further in appropriately designed case-control and cohort studies. Muscle Nerve 49:345-350, 2014.

The effect of excess body mass on the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome: a meta‐analysis of 58 studies

“…Previous studies reported inconsistent results on the effects of leisure time physical activity on CTS . In our earlier meta‐analysis , we found an association between smoking and CTS in cross‐sectional studies, but not in case–control or cohort studies. Although obesity has been consistently found as a risk factor for CTS, the results regarding overweight have been inconsistent.…”

“…We used both Mesh terms and text words in PubMed, and we used Emtree terms and text words in Embase. We also looked at the reference lists of included reports, and the full text of studies on other risk factors associated with CTS including smoking , thyroid disease , computer use , diabetes , anthropometric measurements of the hand , rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis for additional studies on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and CTS.…”

Carpal tunnel release: Lifetime prevalence, annual incidence, and risk factors

“…Finally, the role of smoking in CTS is uncertain. Cross‐sectional studies, but not case‐control or cohort studies, have found an association between smoking and CTS . In this study, we sought to estimate the lifetime prevalence and annual incidence of CTR with regard to age, sex, and level of education and to identify risk factors for CTR.…”

Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Pooled Occupational Cohorts

“…29 A recent meta-analysis reported tobacco use doubled risk of CTS in cross-sectional studies, but was not found to increase risk in either case-control or cohort studies. 37 Yet, many of the occupational epidemiological studies reported [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]38 are severely underpowered for diseases such as DM, as the prevalence of various diseases are naturally low in younger, employed workforces. The occupational cohorts were also largely not designed to test associations with CVD disease.…”