Smoking and cardiovascular disease

Lakier, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(92)90620-q

Cited by 272 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Smoking is a potentially avoidable cause of mortality and smoking cessation is one of the most cost effective ways to prevent diseases. An increasing number of studies have been performed that demonstrated that smoking is one of the most important and modifiable risk factors involved in a number of human diseases, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking increases the risk of diabetic foot amputation: A meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Accumulating evidence suggests that smoking is associated with diabetic foot amputation. However, the currently available results are inconsistent and controversial. Therefore, the present study performed a meta-analysis to systematically review the association between smoking and diabetic foot amputation and to investigate the risk factors of diabetic foot amputation. Public databases, including PubMed and Embase, were searched prior to 29th February 2016. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q statistic and the I 2 statistic, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and pooled appropriately. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the stability of the results. In addition, Egger's test was applied to assess any potential publication bias. Based on the research, a total of eight studies, including five cohort studies and three case control studies were included. The data indicated that smoking significantly increased the risk of diabetic foot amputation (OR=1.65; 95% CI, 1.09-2.50; P<0.0001) compared with non-smoking. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the pooled analysis did not vary substantially following the exclusion of any one study. Additionally, there was no evidence of publication bias (Egger's test, t=0.1378; P=0.8958). Furthermore, no significant difference was observed between the minor and major amputation groups in patients who smoked (OR=0.79; 95% CI, 0.24-2.58). The results of the present meta-analysis suggested that smoking is a notable risk factor for diabetic foot amputation. Smoking cessation appears to reduce the risk of diabetic foot amputation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking increases the risk of diabetic foot amputation: A meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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“…Moreover, the cell migratory experiments performed in the present work correlate with the number of Weibel-Palade bodies seen via TEM. The Weibel -Palade bodies include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), whose isoforms regulate a variety of vascular processes, including angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and vasodilation [35][36][37]. The present study demonstrates that, together with an increase of Weibel-Palade bodies, the migratory potential was lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Nornicotine impairs endothelial cell-cell adherens junction complexes in EA.hy926 cell line via structural reorganization of F-actin

Gagat

Grzanka

Izdebska

et al. 2013

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Abstract:The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of nornicotine on endothelial EA.hy926 cells in the context of its impact on cell-cell junctions. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between junctional proteins and F-actin after treating the cells with nornicotine. After 24 h of cell exposure to 0.08, 0.12, and 0.16 ng/mL nornicotine, analysis was performed of cell death, cell migration, ultrastructure, and colocalization of beta-catenin/F-actin and zonula occludens (ZO)-1/F-actin. Our study did not reveal any alterations in EA.hy926 cell line survival following treatment with nornicotine. However, nornicotine exerted disparate effects on cell migration and led to changes in both the ultrastructure and organization of cell-cell junctional complexes and F-actin. Moreover, the cell migration observed in the experiments performed in the present work negatively correlated with the number of Weibel-Palade bodies seen through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, the mechanism of cell migration promotion was VEGF-independent, and the decrease in the number of Weibel-Palade bodies resulted from nornicotine-induced F-actin depolymerization. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that low concentrations of nornicotine do not affect cell survival, but promote cell movement and impair adherens junctions through changes in F-actin organization. Our results indicate for the first time the effect of nornicotine on endothelial EA.hy926 cells and suggest that nornicotine may induce transmigration pathways and, consequently, facilitate the transendothelial migration of monocytes associated with atherosclerosis.

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“…Despite of a great number of reports emphasizing that cardiovascular damage from cigarette smoking in both its forms, active and passive smoke, is an absolute certainty [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] , however debated opinions on the topic still exist primarily with regard to the type and reproducibility of damage, time of onset and progression of the lesions. In addition, a great question to be solved is whether once cardiovascular alterations begin are independent in their progression from smoking or, conversely, continue to need smoking compound effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Controversial Features of Cardiovascular Damage from Cigarette Smoking

Leone

2016

Journal of Cardiology and Therapy

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A great number of studies have undoubtedly demonstrated that cardiovascular damage from cigarette smoking cannot be denied, although some controversies on the topic still exist. The damage to the heart and blood vessels is initially characterized by transient functional alterations consisting of endothelial dysfunction, reduced exercise tolerance, increased systolic blood pressure and heart rate following acute exposure. On the contrary, chronic exposure to smoking develops, at the time, firstly reversible and, then, irreversible lesions mainly involving myocardium with an ischemic damage and smoke cardiomyopathy as well as coronary, carotid and cerebral arteries, which display atherosclerotic pathology. The analysis of the epidemiological studies on cardiovascular damage support the controversies on the effects of smoking, because not the same alterations are sometimes observed in different studies on the topic. However, when standardized experimental procedures are followed, the same alterations are clearly reproduced showing that cardiovascular damage from cigarette smoking cannot be denied.

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Smoking and cardiovascular disease

Cited by 272 publications

References 23 publications

Smoking increases the risk of diabetic foot amputation: A meta-analysis

Smoking increases the risk of diabetic foot amputation: A meta-analysis

Nornicotine impairs endothelial cell-cell adherens junction complexes in EA.hy926 cell line via structural reorganization of F-actin

Current and Controversial Features of Cardiovascular Damage from Cigarette Smoking

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