Smoke movement and control in longitudinal ventilated tunnel fires with cross-passages

Yao, Yongzheng; Wang, Rui; Xia, Ziyang; Shi, Congling; Ren, Fei

doi:10.1016/j.csite.2023.102945

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Meng et al [18] studied the characteristics of tunnel fires and the variation in smoke back-layering length through model experiments, considering different heat release rates, combustion interval distances and ventilation speeds. Yao et al [19,20] investigated the characteristics of smoke movement and control in a longitudinal ventilation tunnel fire by considering different heat release rates, fire locations, longitudinal wind speeds and transverse channel intervals. Chow et al [21] studied the smoke movement law of inclined tunnel fires under longitudinal ventilation conditions and proposed a modified empirical formula for the critical velocity of inclined tunnels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of Natural Wind on the Smoke Spread Law of Extra-Long Tunnel Fires with Inclined Shafts for Air Supply and Exhaust

Tan,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-temperature smoke generated by tunnel fires is the most important factor causing casualties. To explore the influence of natural wind on fire smoke movement in an extra-long highway tunnel based on the Taihang Mountain Tunnel, the distribution law of natural wind in the tunnel was obtained by on-site monitoring of the meteorological conditions at the tunnel site. A three-dimensional fire dynamics tunnel model considering an inclined shaft smoke exhaust was established, and the influence of natural wind on tunnel temperature distribution, smoke spread and smoke exhaust efficiency was studied. The results show that the natural wind speed of the Taihang Mountain Tunnel is mainly concentrated at 0~3 m/s. The main wind direction of the natural wind on the left tunnel is opposite to the driving direction, and the distribution probability of the main wind direction in each section is 81.27% and 72.15%, respectively. The main wind direction of the right tunnel is the same as the driving direction, and the distribution probability of the main wind direction in each section is 56.78%, 69.73%, 67.32% and 64.65%, respectively. The negative natural wind can inhibit the smoke spread downstream of the smoke exhaust port, but it is not conducive to the smoke exhaust. The positive natural wind promotes the smoke spread to the downstream of the smoke exhaust port, and the larger the natural wind speed, the longer the spread length. Natural wind reduces the smoke exhaust efficiency. For positive or negative natural wind with a guaranteed rate of 70%, the smoke exhaust efficiency is reduced by 27.76% and 15.59%, respectively, compared with the condition without natural wind. The research results can provide a useful reference for the design of fire smoke exhausts and smoke control schemes in extra-long highway tunnels.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effect of Natural Wind on the Smoke Spread Law of Extra-Long Tunnel Fires with Inclined Shafts for Air Supply and Exhaust

Tan,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the rapid development of modern metropolises, an increasing number of road tunnels have been built, bringing great convenience to public transportation 1–3 . However, many catastrophic disasters were caused by tunnel fires, 4,5 such as the Samae 2 tunnel fire in South Korea (killed 4 people and over 40 injuries), and the fire in Yanhou tunnel (31 people killed and 9 missing) 6–8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation on smoke control with new‐style horizontal smoke baffle in an immersed road tunnel

Zhang,

Diao,

Shi

et al. 2024

Fire and Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To investigate the improvement induced by horizontal smoke baffles during lateral smoke exhaust, an immersed road tunnel with various horizontal smoke baffles positioned below the lateral exhaust vent was studied numerically. Together with the velocity field characteristics, the temperature distribution was investigated near the lateral smoke exhaust vent, followed by the analysis of lateral smoke exhaust efficiency under different horizontal smoke baffles. Results showed that after installing the horizontal smoke baffle, there was a significant decrease in the extracted cold air, while the high‐temperature smoke in the exhaust vent increases, indicating the plug‐holing is effectively suppressed. It is known that the efficiency of smoke exhaust increases when the length exceedance ratio of the horizontal smoke baffle is smaller than 100%, while it changes slightly when the baffle length continues to increase. When the width ratio of horizontal baffle is smaller than 40%, the efficiency of smoke exhaust increases with the baffle width and then changes slightly with a wider smoke baffle. With a larger aspect ratio, the wider and shorter lateral exhaust vent is beneficial for improving the lateral smoke exhaust. Under the current conditions, the case shows the optimal smoke exhaust performance with a horizontal baffle length exceedance ratio of 100%, a baffle width ratio of 40%, and exhaust vent aspect ratio of 3:1. Finally, an empirical model is developed to describe the improvement of smoke exhaust efficiency caused by horizontal smoke baffle. These outcomes are helpful to the design of lateral smoke extraction system in road tunnels.

show abstract

Study on the influence of air supply and smoke exhaust on full transverse exhaust of long highway tunnel

Peng,

Zhou,

Ming

et al. 2023

Fire and Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the efficacy of the full transverse exhaust method for smoke extraction in tunnel fires. It examines factors such as the number and layout of air supply and exhaust outlets, analyzing their impact on smoke spread, tunnel temperature, visibility, and airflow. The results demonstrate that the full transverse exhaust method effectively controls smoke emissions in raised highway tunnels. It limits smoke spread, reduces tunnel temperature, and effectively controls the fire‐affected area. The number and layout of outlets significantly influence smoke dispersion, with fewer exhaust outlets providing better smoke control and optimizing the tunnel environment. However, insufficient outlets disrupt gas flow stability. The position of exhaust outlets affects smoke distribution, and caution is advised to prevent directing fresh air flow toward the fire. Opening an equal number of exhaust outlets on one side of the fire source yields superior smoke extraction results, reducing tunnel ceiling temperatures and minimizing risks to personnel and structures. Though stabilization may take longer, this configuration proves advantageous. The study offers valuable insights and practical guidelines for implementing the full transverse smoke control method in real‐world scenarios.

show abstract

Smoke movement and control in longitudinal ventilated tunnel fires with cross-passages

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Study on the Effect of Natural Wind on the Smoke Spread Law of Extra-Long Tunnel Fires with Inclined Shafts for Air Supply and Exhaust

Study on the Effect of Natural Wind on the Smoke Spread Law of Extra-Long Tunnel Fires with Inclined Shafts for Air Supply and Exhaust

Numerical investigation on smoke control with new‐style horizontal smoke baffle in an immersed road tunnel

Study on the influence of air supply and smoke exhaust on full transverse exhaust of long highway tunnel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About