Smoke emissions from biomass burning in a Mediterranean shrubland

Alves, Célia; Gonçalves, Cátia; Pio, Casimiro; Mirante, Fátima; Caseiro, Alexandre; Tarelho, L.A.C.; Freitas, M. C.; Viegas, Domingos X.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.05.010

Cited by 113 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…5. K + ions are widely used as a marker of BB, with PM fractions between 0.5% and 6% depending on biomass type (Reid et al, 2005;Alves et al, 2010). In complete phase of rice straw burning K + ions comprised 2.4% and 14% of PM 10 and TWSI, respectively.…”

Section: On-field Burning Traffic and Cooking Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remembering that high OC/EC ratios are characteristic for on-field emissions (Table 1), it can indicate that smoldering fires, dominated by high OC, prevailed during the smoke period in the Ba Vi region. Additionally, meteorological conditions (low wind speed, high temperatures and strong solar radiation) could favor formation of secondary organic aerosols due to condensation of heavier hydrocarbons generated by acid-catalyzed oxidation and photochemical reactions in the smoke plume (Alves et al, 2010), that could have influenced high daily OC/EC ratios as well.…”

Section: Aerosol Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Popovicheva

Shonija

Persiantseva

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Impact of traditional biomass burning activities on regional air quality is a major environmental concern. Measurement campaigns were performed during post-harvesting activities in the Ba Vi region in Hanoi in May-June of 2015 and 2016. To quantify the source for regional haze the sampling of rice straw burning emissions was performed on fields. Carbonaceous (OC, EC, BrC) fractions, heavy metals, organic and ionic composition, and microstructure were characterized. A set of functionalities (hydroxyl, aliphatic, carbonyl, carboxylate, and nitro groups) revealed a functional marker of pile combustion. Optical, microstructural, and chemical analyses of environmentally-dangerous pollutants from traffic and cooking sources provided characteristics and functional markers of different pollution sources. Chemical features of rice straw burning were identified on the Ba Vi site during the haze episode of 2015, when PM 10 mass approached the high smoke intensity, up to 167 µg m -3 . Small-scale meteorology affected PM 10 , OC and EC, and ion mass in days of highest relative humidity and fogs. In days of highest smoke OC dominated PM 10 mass by up to 42%, the OC/EC ratio approached 20, in line with observations of mainly smoldering emissions across the fields. Spectral features of regional haze smoke demonstrated the absorption of rice straw burning whereas the impact of biogenic, traffic, and cooking sources were significantly lower. Individual particle analyses showed carbonaceous particles internally/externally mixed with inorganic fly ash and dust. Smoke micromarkers revealed the microstructure of regional aerosols representative for Southeast Asia in BB periods. Significantly lower PM 10 mass concentrations and strong difference in aerosol composition before post-harvesting activities suggested that agricultural burning represents a large contribution to air quality degradation in the rural area of Vietnam.

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Section: On-field Burning Traffic and Cooking Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerosol Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Popovicheva

Shonija

Persiantseva

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Samples were stored in ziplock plastic bags and then dried through sun exposure before further analysis. Soil moisture content was determined by drying the soil samples in an oven for 24 h, as described by Alves et al (2010), and was recorded between 50-80%. The combustion of peat soil was conducted in a simple-design oven (Fig.…”

Section: Soil Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust and Gas Emissions from Small-Scale Peat Combustion

Othman

Latif

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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While peatland has long been exploited for agricultural activities, these make it vulnerable to fires, which emit pollutants into the atmosphere and adversely affect air quality. The aim of this study was thus to determine the main composition of air pollutants from peat soil combustion. The main parameters of the related gas pollutants, e.g., SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, O 3 and PM 10 , and their components, such as anions, cations, heavy metals and levoglucosan, have been determined. The gas concentration was determined using the colorimetric method after the air had been assimilated into absorbing solutions. The PM 10 concentration was established using a low volume air sampler equipped with weighted filter paper. The anion concentration of PM 10 was analyzed using ion chromatography, while the cation and heavy metal concentrations were ascertained using inductively couple plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Moreover, the concentration of levoglucosan was determined using the Anthrone-Sulfuric Colorimetric method. The results show that the dominant gas from the emission of burning peat soil was CO (13850-20610 μg/

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“…On the basis of the data supplied by Alves et al (2010), we estimated that total particulate losses of trace elements with the smoke from the experimental fire they performed in a Portuguese Mediterranean shrubland with a fuel load of 15.6 Mg ha À1 amounted to 382, 50, 13 and 0.8 g ha À1 for Fe, Zn and Mo and Co. Such values were lower than the estimated total amounts of these trace elements lost by erosion in Control and Seeding treatments (Table 5), although the higher fuel loading consumed in our plots (35 Mg ha À1 ) should be taken into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of post-fire soil stabilisation techniques on trace elements lost by erosion

Gómez-Rey

García‐Marco

Fernández³

et al. 2014

Int. J. Wildland Fire

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Abstract. The effect of two post-fire stabilisation techniques (Seeding and Mulching) on trace element (Al, B, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo and Zn) losses with eroded sediments was evaluated over a 13-month period following an experimental fire in a steep shrubland of a temperate-humid region (north-west Spain). With time, concentration of extractable Mn, Zn and Cu in sediments decreased, Fe tended to increase and Al, Co, B and Mo varied without a clear trend. Most sediments and trace element losses occurred during the first 3 months post-fire. Compared with the available elements in ash þ burned topsoil, the fraction lost with sediments was highest for Mo (10-16%), intermediate for Mn (4%) and Zn (3%) and low for the rest (0.4-1.2%). Although minor effects of stabilisation techniques on element concentrations were found, accumulated mass losses of trace elements decreased 6-12 times in Mulching because of its 10-fold lower soil erosion rate; no significant changes were found in Seeding. Sediment nutrient losses are probably more important than those published for smoke, leaching or volatilisation. Our results suggest that the Zn and Cu enrichment in sediments from the first erosion events increase the risk of downslope water and soil contamination. In conclusion, soil stabilisation techniques are useful to prevent post-fire ecosystem damage.

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Smoke emissions from biomass burning in a Mediterranean shrubland

Cited by 113 publications

References 60 publications

Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Aerosol Pollutants during Agricultural Biomass Burning: A Case Study in Ba Vi Region in Hanoi, Vietnam

Dust and Gas Emissions from Small-Scale Peat Combustion

Effects of post-fire soil stabilisation techniques on trace elements lost by erosion

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