Smell Identification in Japanese Parkinson's Disease Patients: Using the Odor Stick identification Test for Japanese Subjects

Iijima, Makoto; Kobayakawa, Tatsu; Saito, Sachiko; Osawa, Mikio; Tsutsumi, Yukiko; Hashimoto, Shiori; Iwata, Makoto

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.47.1345

Cited by 63 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…15 This test has been successfully applied for the assessment of odor identification ability in Japanese PD patients. 16 The procedure for the OSIT-J has been previously described. 15 In the present study, the olfaction stages were defined as PD with severe hyposmia (PDþSH, OSIT-J score <5), PD with moderate hyposmia (PDþMH, 5 OSIT-J score 7), and PD with normal olfactory function (PDþNO, OSIT-J score >7).…”

Section: Olfactory Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of olfactory dysfunction and brain. Metabolism in Parkinson's disease

et al. 2011

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Hyposmia is one of the cardinal early symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD). Accumulating clinical and pathological evidence suggests that dysfunction of the olfactory-related cortices may be responsible for the impaired olfactory processing observed in PD; however, there are no clear data showing a direct association between altered brain metabolism and hyposmia in PD. In this study, we evaluated brain glucose metabolism and smell-identification ability in 69 Japanese patients with nondemented PD. Olfactory function was assessed using the Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese. The regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose consumption at rest was measured using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and was analyzed using SPM-based group comparisons and the brain-behavior partial least-squares method. We found that olfactory dysfunction was closely related to cognitive dysfunction, including memory impairment. Moreover, brain-behavior partial least-squares analysis revealed that odor-identification performance was closely associated with broad cortical dysfunction, including dysfunction of the piriform cortex and amygdala. Our results suggest that the cognitive deficit in olfactory perception is an important aspect of hyposmia in PD and that this deficit is caused by altered brain metabolism in the amygdala and piriform cortex.

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Section: Olfactory Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of olfactory dysfunction and brain. Metabolism in Parkinson's disease

et al. 2011

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“…Olfactory function was assessed by the odor stick identification test Japan (OSIT-J) (Daiichi Yakuhin Sangyo Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), which includes the following 12 different odorants familiar to the Japanese population: India ink, wood, perfume, menthol, Japanese orange, curry, gas for cooking, rose, Japanese cypress (hinoki), condensed milk, socks smelling of sweat, and roasted garlic [28,37]. These odorants were packed in microcapsules and were mixed with paste.…”

Section: Olfactory Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory dysfunction and cardiovascular dysautonomia in Parkinson’s disease

Oka¹,

Toyoda²,

Yogo³

et al. 2010

J Neurol

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Several studies have reported that olfactory dysfunction is an early neuropathological manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD). Reduced cardiac meta-iodobenzylguanidine ((123)I-MIBG) uptake may be one of the earliest signs of PD. We studied the relation of olfactory dysfunction to cardiovascular dysautonomia in patients with PD. The study group comprised 66 patients with PD (70.5 years) and 26 controls (70.3 years) for olfactory assessment, 21 controls (72.1 years) for cardiac (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy and heart rate variability (HRV), assessed using the coefficient of variation for RR intervals (HRV), and 23 controls (69.2 years) for orthostatic blood pressure response. Olfactory function was assessed by the odor stick identification test Japan (OSIT-J), and cardiovascular autonomic function was evaluated by (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy of the heart, the fall in orthostatic blood pressure, and HRV. Patients with PD had a significantly lower OSIT-J score than did the controls (4.1 +/- 3.0 vs. 9.9 +/- 1.7, p = 0.001). The OSIT-J score was unrelated to variables other than gender, including age, disease duration, motor score on the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale, score on the mini-mental state examination, motor phenotype, visual hallucinations, and dopaminergic medication on multiple regression and logistic regression analyses. The OSIT-J score was related to the heart/mediastinum ratio of cardiac (123)I-MIBG uptake, the fall in orthostatic blood pressure, and HRV, after adjustment for other clinical variables. Olfactory dysfunction in PD was, thus, significantly related to both cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic dysfunction, as well as vascular sympathetic dysfunction. As non-motor symptoms of PD, olfactory dysfunction and autonomic network failure appear to be closely related in PD.

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“…We carried out cognitive performance measurements including baseline and longitudinal performance on the MoCA-J, and the criteria for PD-MCI were consistent with those of the Movement Disorder Society. We also performed olfactory disturbance screening with the Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese [22] and administered the REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Screening Questionnaire for Japanese (RBDSQ-J) [23]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Low Prevalence of Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Positivity in Parkinson's Disease without Dementia

Mashima¹,

Ito²,

Kameyama

et al. 2017

Eur Neurol

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Background: Most cases of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) show Alzheimer's disease pathology-like senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Several studies have also revealed a high prevalence of positive amyloid imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) in DLB and moderate prevalence in Parkinson's disease (PD) with dementia. However, it remains unclear in PD without dementia as to when the brain β amyloid (Aβ) burden begins and progresses. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of Aβ deposition in PD without dementia using amyloid PET. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 33 patients with PD without dementia, of whom 21 had normal cognition and 12 met the criteria for PD-mild cognitive impairment. All subjects underwent neuropsychological assessment and [¹⁸F] florbetaben (FBB) PET. Results: All subjects had Lewy body-related disorders, displaying a significantly reduced myocardial [¹²³I] metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake. The cortical FBB-binding pattern in all subjects, including APOE e4 carriers, suggested negative Aβ deposition. Conclusion: Patients with PD without dementia exhibit an extremely low prevalence of Aβ positivity compared with those reported in cognitively normal elderly controls. Further longitudinal imaging studies and long-term follow-up are needed; however, our findings provide novel insights for understanding Aβ metabolism in PD.

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Smell Identification in Japanese Parkinson's Disease Patients: Using the Odor Stick identification Test for Japanese Subjects

Cited by 63 publications

References 32 publications

Association of olfactory dysfunction and brain. Metabolism in Parkinson's disease

Association of olfactory dysfunction and brain. Metabolism in Parkinson's disease

Olfactory dysfunction and cardiovascular dysautonomia in Parkinson’s disease

Extremely Low Prevalence of Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Positivity in Parkinson's Disease without Dementia

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