Smell and taste in children with simple obesity

Obrebowski, A; Obrebowska-Karsznia, Zofia; Gawliński, M

doi:10.1016/s0165-5876(00)00397-9

Cited by 75 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Differences point to distinct anatomical and pathophysiological processes in obesity and aging. Obese subjects display a significant correlation between elevated BMI and the presence of smell and taste dysfunction [54][55][56][57]. Visceral fat correlates with obesity and excreted adipokines [58] may alter the perception of odours [57,59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Effects of two Almond Cultivars on Agreeability and Gastrointestinal Motility in Healthy Subjects: more than mere Nutraceuticals

Diella

Ciaula

Lorusso

et al. 2018

JGLD

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Background: Almonds are healthy nutraceuticals, which vary across different cultivars. We compared the composition, agreeability and gastrointestinal effects of two almond cultivars from different areas.Methods: Californian Carmel (CAcv) and local Apulian Filippo Cea (FCcv) cultivars were compared for the chemical composition and sensory evaluation according to visual analogue and semiquantitative scales in 60 volunteers. Gallbladder/gastric motility (ultrasonography) and orocecal transit time (H2-breath test) were studied in another 24 subjects by comparing the effects of a standard liquid test meal with isovolumetric almond test meals (24 g of CAcv or FCcv almonds).Results: Proteins prevailed in CAcv, while FCcv contained more lipids and 10-times more total phenol content than CAcv. For agreeability, CAcv scored higher than FCcv for smell, texture and appearance, although different perceptions existed in lean (scores for smell, taste, texture, appearance higher for CAcv than FCcv), obese (CAcv better than FCcv only for appearance) and elderly subjects (CAcv better than FCcv only for texture). Gallbladder emptying was stronger with FCcv than CAcv. Antral dilatation after ingestion of both cultivars was greater than the dilatation observed after the test meal. Gastric emptying, however, was similar after FCcv, CAcv and the test meal. The orocecal transit time in response to both cultivars was shorter than after the test meal.Conclusions: Differences in composition and effects of FCcv and CAcv cultivars support their potential use as valuable nutraceutical tools, to be confirmed in further clinical studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Effects of two Almond Cultivars on Agreeability and Gastrointestinal Motility in Healthy Subjects: more than mere Nutraceuticals

Diella

Ciaula

Lorusso

et al. 2018

JGLD

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“…Many authors revealed disturbances in neural conduction within the brainstem in patients with Type I diabetes even in the case of normal pure tone audiometry, [21,22,23,24]. It has been suggested there was an elongation of peak I latency in 93% of diabetic children and an elongation of peak III latency in 73% of the cases [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there any disturbances in vestibular organ of children and young adults with Type I diabetes?

et al. 2002

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Aims/hypothesis. The aim of the work was to evaluate the vestibular organ condition in children and young adults suffering from Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Methods. The group examined consisted of 95 children and young adults aged from 6 to 28 years with Type I diabetes diagnosed. The diabetic group was divided into subgroups according to duration of the disease, compensation of the disease, and presence and character of hypoglycaemic incidents, and presence of diabetic complications. The control group consisted of 44 healthy children and young adults aged 6 to 28 years. After collecting detailed medical history in each case an electronystagmographic test was performed using the computed two-canal electronystagmographer. Results. Within the diabetic group 6 patients complained about vertigo and balance disorders. Spontaneous nystagmus occurred in 10 cases, positional one in 21 cases. Impaired optokinesis occurred in 36 cases and impaired eye tracking test in 33 cases. In caloric tests there was partial canal paresis in 4 cases and directional preponderance in 7 cases. Conclusion/interpretation. Metabolic disturbances present in Type I diabetes cause disturbances in different parts of vestibular organ but mostly in its central part. Comparing disturbances in the vestibular organ with clinical and biochemical parameters characterising diabetes, the range of vestibular organ impairment in diabetes mellitus type 1 seems to depend mainly on the presence and character of hypoglycaemic incidents and the duration of the disease and to some extent on the compensation of diabetes. [Diabetologia (2002) 45:728-734]

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“…Pasquet et al [16] observed that massively obese adolescents have lower thresholds for taste recognition than normal-weight controls. Obrebowski et al [30] found that children and adolescents with simple obesity have lowered electrogustometric thresholds. The authors attributed this behavior to obesity-related metabolic disturbances rather than to body mass per se.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Taste sensitivity, nutritional status and metabolic syndrome: Implication in weight loss dietary interventions

Bertoli¹,

Laureati²,

Battezzati³

et al. 2014

WJD

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AIM:We investigated the relationship between taste sensitivity, nutritional status and metabolic syndrome and possible implications on weight loss dietary program. METHODS:Sensitivity for bitter, sweet, salty and sour tastes was assessed by the three-Alternative-ForcedChoice method in 41 overweight (OW), 52 obese (OB) patients and 56 normal-weight matched controls. OW and OB were assessed also for body composition (by impedence), resting energy expenditure (by indirect calorimetry) and presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and were prescribed a weight loss diet. Compliance to the weight loss dietary program was defined as adherence to control visits and weight loss ≥ 5% in 3 mo. RESULTS:Sex and age-adjusted multiple regression models revealed a significant association between body mass index (BMI) and both sour taste (P < 0.05) and global taste acuity score (GTAS) (P < 0.05), with lower sensitivity with increasing BMI. This trend in sensitivity for sour taste was also confirmed by the model refitted on the OW/OB group while the association with GTAS was marginally significant (P = 0.06). MetS+ subjects presented higher thresholds for salty taste when compared to MetS-patients while no significant difference was detected for the other tastes and GTAS. As assessed by multiple regression model, the association between salty taste and MetS appeared to be independent of sex, age and BMI. Patients continuing the program (n = 37) did not show any difference in baseline taste sensitivity when compared to drop-outs (n = 29). Similarly, no significant difference was detected between patients reporting and not reporting a weight loss ≥ 5% of the initial body weight. No significant difference in taste sensitivity was detected even after dividing patients on the basis of nutritional (OW and OB) or metabolic status (MetS+ and MetS-). CONCLUSION:There is no cause-effect relationship between overweight and metabolic derangements. Taste thresholds assessment is not useful in predicting the outcome of a diet-induced weight loss program.

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Smell and taste in children with simple obesity

Cited by 75 publications

References 8 publications

Distinct Effects of two Almond Cultivars on Agreeability and Gastrointestinal Motility in Healthy Subjects: more than mere Nutraceuticals

Distinct Effects of two Almond Cultivars on Agreeability and Gastrointestinal Motility in Healthy Subjects: more than mere Nutraceuticals

Are there any disturbances in vestibular organ of children and young adults with Type I diabetes?

Taste sensitivity, nutritional status and metabolic syndrome: Implication in weight loss dietary interventions

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