Smart Surgical Catheter for C‐Reactive Protein Sensing Based on an Imperceptible Organic Transistor

et al. 2019

Mol Med Report

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in non-specific immunity. In the present study, the roles of TLRs in AS were investigated. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The expression levels of TLRs and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling-associated factors were determined via RT-qPCR and western blot analyses. It was observed that the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein, TLR4 and TLR5 were increased in patients with AS, whereas those of IL-10 and TLR3 were decreased. Pomalidomide, a TNF-α release inhibitor, reduced the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, TLR5 and phosphorylated-p65, and upregulated that of IL-10, TLR3 and p65 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with AS. Treatment of patients with infliximab, an anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody, induced similar effects in vivo. In conclusion, it was revealed that inhibition of TNF-α suppressed inflammatory responses in patients with AS, increased the expression of TLR3 and decreased NF-κB signaling, and the expression of TLR4 and TLR5. The results indicated that TLRs and the NF-κB signaling pathway were involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses in AS. These findings provided insight into the mechanisms underlying the development of AS and potential novel therapeutic approaches.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and function of Toll‑like receptors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

et al. 2019

Mol Med Report

“…A sensor array with integrations of multiple OFETs can enable advanced applications. Different sensory properties are essential in promising research fields, such as bio‐sensors with gaseous sensors can provide valuable information on human body. (8) When it comes to portable and wearable sensor devices for commercial market, low working voltage and low power consumption will be needed, while most OFETs studied in the past need high operation voltage at tens or even nearly hundreds of volt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Sensors Based on Nano/Microstructured Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Zhao

et al. 2019

Small

103

Benefiting from the advantages of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs), including synthetic versatility of organic molecular design and environmental sensitivity, gas sensors based on OFETs have drawn much attention in recent years. Potential applications focus on the detection of specific gas species such as explosive, toxic gases, or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that play vital roles in environmental monitoring, industrial manufacturing, smart health care, food security, and national defense. To achieve high sensitivity, selectivity, and ambient stability with rapid response and recovery speed, the regulation and adjustment of the nano/microstructure of the organic semiconductor (OSC) layer has proven to be an effective strategy. Here, the progress of OFET gas sensors with nano/microstructure is selectively presented. Devices based on OSC films one dimensional (1D) single crystal nanowires, nanorods, and nanofibers are introduced. Then, devices based on two dimensional (2D) and ultrathin OSC films, fabricated by methods such as thermal evaporation, dip‐coating, spin‐coating, and solution‐shearing methods are presented, followed by an introduction of porous OFET sensors. Additionally, the applications of nanostructured receptors in OFET sensors are given. Finally, an outlook in view of the current research state is presented and eight further challenges for gas sensors based on OFETs are suggested.

“…The ultrathin OFET‐based biosensor showed a sensitivity of around 7 × 10 5 bp μm –2 , corresponding to 650 ng mL –1 DNA. Another work on C‐reactive protein detection for real‐time monitoring in surgery was conducted by Chan and coworkers, with a thermally deposited 2,10‐diphenylbis[1]benzothieno[2,3‐d;2′,3′‐d′]naphtho[2,3‐b;6,7‐b′]dithiophene (DPh‐BBTNDT) film serving as the OSC active layer 88 . The C‐reactive protein antigen is a biomarker which can indicate the human body inflammation states.…”

Section: High‐vacuum Thermal Evaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

OFET chemical sensors: Chemical sensors based on ultrathin organic field‐effect transistors

Wang

et al. 2020

Polymer International

In the past decades, a variety of organic field‐effect transistor (OFET) based sensors have been reported, holding great promise in physical sensing, chemical sensing, biosensing, medical sensing and functionalized integrated sensor arrays, thanks to the superiorities of OFETs, including fabrication versatility and high sensitivity to external stimulus. However, the sensing performance still needs to be enhanced to meet practical application requirements, especially high sensitivity and short response time. Among all the effective strategies, ultrathin organic semiconductor (OSC) film devices show significantly promoted sensing performance, and the fabrication methods to obtain these ultrathin OSC films are of importance and diversity. Here, a brief review focused on ultrathin (including molecular monolayer) OSC film fabrication methods is presented, including high‐vacuum thermal evaporation, solution‐processable methods, and the approach of combining ultrathin films with heterojunctions. Additionally, applications of ultrathin OFET‐based chemical and biological sensors are summarized. Finally, the outlook and challenges ahead are discussed. We hope this review can offer guidance for the fabrication methods and potential applications of ultrathin OFET‐based chemical and biological sensors in the future. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry