“…Last, using a recall-based survey, Study 3 finds that emotional attachment mediates the impact of smart shopper self-perceptions on offline and online WOM behaviors. Previous research on smart shopper perceptions has dominantly entailed material products in the retail context, such as electronics and clothes (Atkins & Hyun, 2016;Atkins & Kim, 2012;Bicen & Madhavaram, 2013;Schindler, 1998;Thomas et al, 2020;Zhang & Mick, 2019). For instance, Atkins and Hyun (2016) demonstrate a joint effect of product type and gender on smart shopping experiences.…”