Abstract-This paper considers two-hop cooperative relaying using multiple relays and proposes a threshold based relay selection protocol. In this protocol the relays are selected among those having received SNR higher than a threshold value. The relay selection is performed by the destination based on the received SNRs at the destination during the last hop. The exact bit error rate of this protocol is derived and it is shown that it achieves full diversity order. Unlike some other full diversity achieving protocols in the literature, the requirement that the exact/average SNRs of the source-relay links be known at the destination is eliminated using an appropriate SNR threshold.
I. INTRODUCTIONCooperative relaying can induce spatial diversity in wireless networks without any reliance on multiple antennas. Various decode-and-forward protocols have been proposed based on selective relaying, distributed space-time coding and relay selection, and have been shown to achieve full diversity [1]- [3]. Recently, detection aspects of cooperative relaying have been analyzed [4]-[8]. These works study digital (or demodulate-and-forward) cooperative relaying protocols, in which the relaying does not rely on any error correction or detection codes. Such protocols are particularly attractive for wireless sensor networks, for which coded transmission can be costly due to severe energy limitations.Unlike ideal decode-and-forward relaying, in digital relaying the relays can forward erroneous information, and with a conventional combining scheme such as Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC), these errors propagate to the destination, causing end-to-end (e2e) detection errors. Existing techniques for mitigating error propagation can be classified into two groups. The first of these comprises selective and adaptive relaying techniques, which include link adaptive relaying (LAR) [4], [5] and threshold digital relaying (TDR) [9]-[11]. Both techniques use link SNRs to evaluate the reliability of the data received by the relay. In TDR a relay forwards the received data only when its received SNR is above a threshold value. In LAR the relay transmits with a fraction α of its maximum transmit power, where α depends on the source-relay and relay-destination SNRs. In [4], a function for calculating α