Smart pipe: A miniaturized sensor platform for real-time monitoring of drinking water quality

Carminati, Marco; Stefanelli, Valerio; Ferrari, Giorgio; Sampietro, Marco; Turolla, Andrea; Rossi, Marco; Malavasi, Stefano; Antonelli, Manuela; Pifferi, V.; Falciola, L.

doi:10.1109/eesms.2017.8052685

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…smart pipe technology with miniaturized sensors. 44 Closely related is contamination management through optimisation of monitoring, source location and early warning systems. Whilst this study shows the number of publications using language associated to deliberate intrusion has gradually decreased over the last decade, the legacy of the terror-associated risk means contamination is likely to still be a subject of concern and will continue to play a role in structuring and shaping water quality related research works in the foreseeable future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality in drinking water distribution systems: research trends through the 21st century

Weston

Scheili²,

Behmel³

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality in drinking water distribution systems: research trends through the 21st century

Weston

Scheili²,

Behmel³

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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“…The sensor nodes n and m are deployed in a predetermined manner at some strategic positions for effective monitoring and acquisition of vital parameters in a water-monitoring site as shown in Figure 1 . The body of the water to monitor is channelled into an improvised man-made water-monitoring section in an enclosed environment that provides a suitable platform for the attachment of the water-quality sensors, and a continuous flow of water as in [ 35 ]. Let

denotes the set of DRFES operating in a licence-free ISM band.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Energy and Throughput of a Water-Quality Monitoring System

Olatinwo

Joubert

2018

Sensors

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This work presents a new approach to the maximization of energy and throughput in a wireless sensor network (WSN), with the intention of applying the approach to water-quality monitoring. Water-quality monitoring using WSN technology has become an interesting research area. Energy scarcity is a critical issue that plagues the widespread deployment of WSN systems. Different power supplies, harvesting energy from sustainable sources, have been explored. However, when energy-efficient models are not put in place, energy harvesting based WSN systems may experience an unstable energy supply, resulting in an interruption in communication, and low system throughput. To alleviate these problems, this paper presents the joint maximization of the energy harvested by sensor nodes and their information-transmission rate using a sum-throughput technique. A wireless information and power transfer (WIPT) method is considered by harvesting energy from dedicated radio frequency sources. Due to the doubly near–far condition that confronts WIPT systems, a new WIPT system is proposed to improve the fairness of resource utilization in the network. Numerical simulation results are presented to validate the mathematical formulations for the optimization problem, which maximize the energy harvested and the overall throughput rate. Defining the performance metrics of achievable throughput and fairness in resource sharing, the proposed WIPT system outperforms an existing state-of-the-art WIPT system, with the comparison based on numerical simulations of both systems. The improved energy efficiency of the proposed WIPT system contributes to addressing the problem of energy scarcity.

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“…The controller switches the available IPSes on and off at a calculated time, in a sequential manner. To create a suitable platform for the sensors deployment, a section for monitoring the quality of water, which allows constant water flow, is designed as in [2,45,46]. The water body that is scheduled for monitoring is pumped to the designed water section in an enclosed location.…”

Section: System Architecture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient energy resource utilization in a wireless sensor system for monitoring water quality

Olatinwo

Joubert

2019

J Wireless Com Network

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In this paper, a new approach to energy harvesting and data transmission optimization in a heterogeneous-based multi-class and multiple resource wireless transmission wireless sensor network system that focus on monitoring water and its quality is presented. Currently, energy is a scarce resource in wireless sensor networks due to the limited energy budget of batteries, which are typically employed for powering sensors. Once the available energy of a particular sensor node battery is depleted, such sensor node becomes inactive in a network. As a consequence, such node may not be able to participate in the transmission of the application signal in the uplink stage of the network, resulting in a lack of ability to communicate vital signals in a timely manner. Energy scarcity has been a long standing problem in wireless sensor network applications. To address this problem, energy harvesting from intended radiofrequency power source is considered in this work. However, wirelessly powered wireless sensor network systems are confronted by unfairness in resource allocation problem, as well as interference problem in multiple energy resource transmissions. These problems adversely impact the performance of the system in the context of the harvested energy by the sensor nodes, sensors information transmission rates, and the overall system throughput rate. These problems are tackled in this paper by formulating a sum-throughput maximization problem to reduce system energy consumption and enhance the system overall throughput rate. The throughput optimization problem is formulated as a non-convex function. Through the exploitation of the problem structure, it is converted to a convex function. The mathematical models of the optimization problem are validated through numerical simulations. The simulation results reveal that the proposed wireless powered sensor network system outperforms an existing wireless powered sensor network system, by comparison of the numerical simulations of this work to the numerical simulations of the existing WPSN system, regardless of the distances of the sensor nodes to the IPS and the base station. Also, the newly proposed method performs efficiently using parameters that include path-loss exponent impact, performance comparison of systems, convergence based on iteration, comparison based on unequal network distances to the BS, transmission power impact on the attainable throughput and on fraction of energy consumed on information transmissions, and influence of different number of nodes in the network classes.

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Smart pipe: A miniaturized sensor platform for real-time monitoring of drinking water quality

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Water quality in drinking water distribution systems: research trends through the 21st century

Water quality in drinking water distribution systems: research trends through the 21st century

Optimizing the Energy and Throughput of a Water-Quality Monitoring System

Efficient energy resource utilization in a wireless sensor system for monitoring water quality

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