Smart parking in IoT-enabled cities: A survey

Al‐Turjman, Fadi; Malekloo, Arman

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2019.101608

Cited by 229 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…PRR is calculated with the formula PRR = (total packets received/total packets sent) × 100. Heterogeneous traffic networks are a common phenomenon in a number of IoT applications, such as industrial monitoring, health care [61] [62], or the smart home [63]. PRR can be better addressed with the proposed scheme in a heterogeneous load environment.…”

Section: Simulation Methods and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Musaddiq

Zikria

Zulqarnain

et al. 2020

J Wireless Com Network

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a real network deployment, the diverse sensor applications generate a heterogeneous traffic pattern which may include basic sensing measurements such as temperature readings or high-volume multimedia traffic. In a heterogeneous traffic network, the two standardized objective functions (OFs), i.e., objective function zero (OF0) and the Minimum Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF) for routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) perform poor routing decisions by selecting an already congested parent node and cause more retransmissions across the network. Therefore, careful consideration is required in designing a new OF for heterogeneous traffic scenarios. In this study, we examine the RPL protocol under a heterogeneous traffic pattern and proposed a new protocol based on queue and workload-based condition (QWL-RPL). The aim of the proposed protocol is to achieve a reliable path with better overall performance. The proposed OF model considers the link workload in addition to mapping the congestion status of the node using the packet queue. We implement the proposed routing model in the Contiki operating system (OS) Cooja environment to compare with the existing technique. The simulation results show that QWL-RPL can improve the performance of a heterogeneous traffic network as compared with both OF0 and MRHOF, specifically in terms of the amount of overhead, packets reception ratio (PRR), average delay, and jitter. Final results indicate that on average, there is a 5%-30% improvement in PRR, 25%-45% reduction in overheads, 12%-30% reduction in average delay, and 20%-40% reduction in jitter.The Internet of Things (IoT) is a large system of interconnected heterogeneous devices to sense our physical environment and communicate the sensed information. Each sensor detects its vicinity and transmits the sensed information to the sink node via its neighboring nodes using multihop communication [1]. The practical applications of such a system include smart cities [2] [3], industrial and building automation, disaster management [4], smart grid, and smart healthcare [5]. A sensor discovers its neighbors, builds the topology, and routes the sensed data. An IoT system requires an efficient networking mechanism to facilitate such an interconnected heterogeneous flow of traffic. An efficient routing mechanism must consider these device characteristics and constrained resources. Furthermore, the IoT sensors usually face unfavorable environmental factors. Thus, designing of such routing protocols is a complicated task due to the resource limitations of these devices, such as limited energy, limited memory, and limited processing power [6]. For any pair of communicating nodes, a reasonable goal for such a protocol is to improve communication performance while maintaining energy consumption at a minimum level. However, achieving this goal requires careful consideration of the lossy nature of the network, fluctuating traffic patterns, varying link qualities, routing loops, and convergence time [7].Several rou...

show abstract

Section: Simulation Methods and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Musaddiq

Zikria

Zulqarnain

et al. 2020

J Wireless Com Network

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Aligned with Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) [183], this mesh of a vehicular network can surely contribute with the core concepts of Blockchain consensus mechanisms, in which an MAS of vehicles, drones and smartphones would interact with the network. An intersection of these concepts is the Cellular V2X protocol [184], which appears to be suitable for several real applications in the cities' transportation scenario [185]. Besides the efficiency and robustness that such systems may offer, DSRC technology can be more cost-effective than the traditional concept of expanding cellular communication networks [186].…”

Section: The Potential Of 5g and V2xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility, Citizens, Innovation and Technology in Digital and Smart Cities

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cities are constantly transforming and, consequently, attracting efforts from researchers and opportunities to the industry. New transportation systems are being built in order to meet sustainability and efficiency criteria, as well as being adapted to the current possibilities. Moreover, citizens are becoming aware about the power and possibilities provided by the current generation of autonomous devices. In this sense, this paper presents and discusses state-of-the-art transportation technologies and systems, highlighting the advances that the concepts of Internet of Things and Value are providing. Decentralized technologies, such as blockchain, are been extensively investigated by the industry, however, its widespread adoption in cities is still desirable. Aligned with operations research opportunities, this paper identifies different points in which cities’ services could move to. This also study comments about different combinatorial optimization problems that might be useful and important for an efficient evolution of our cities. By considering different perspectives, didactic examples are presented with a main focus on motivating decision makers to balance citizens, investors and industry goals and wishes.

show abstract

“…Face and fatigue detection using Haar descriptors with the help of Raspberry Pi board, USB camera, Open CV libraries, and Python is explained in [10]. Hybrid smart parking module, with a survey of the use of different sensors under smart city development using IoT, is explained in [2].…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of realtime information for slots/parking positions in a particular location motivated this work on 1 Faculty of Electronics & Communication Engineering Department, Gujarat Technological University, Government Engineering College Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India. Email: Trivedi_janak2611@yahoo.com 2 Principal, Ahmedabad Institute of Technolog-380060, Gujarat Technological University, Gujarat, India. Email: saradadevim1@gmail.com 3 Faculty of Electronics & Communication Engineering Department, Gujarat Technological University, Government Engineering College Bhavnagar-364002, Gujarat, India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canny Edge Detection Based Real-Time Intelligent Parking Management System

Trivedi¹,

Devi²,

Dhara³

2020

SJSUT.ST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Real-time traffic monitoring and parking are very important aspects for a better social and economic system. Python-based Intelligent Parking Management System (IPMS) module using a USB camera and a canny edge detection method was developed. The current situation of real-time parking slot was simultaneously checked, both online and via a mobile application, with a message of Parking "Available" or "Not available" for 10 parking slots. In addition, at the time entering in parking module, gate open and at the time of exit parking module, the gate closes automatically using servomotor and sensors. Results are displayed in figures with the proposed method flow chart.

show abstract

Smart parking in IoT-enabled cities: A survey

Cited by 229 publications

References 46 publications

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Routing protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks for heterogeneous traffic network

Mobility, Citizens, Innovation and Technology in Digital and Smart Cities

Canny Edge Detection Based Real-Time Intelligent Parking Management System

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About