Smart grid communication over DC powerline: Evaluation of powerline communication OFDM PAPR for new types of destabilizing electrical loads

Fuzzy Inference Based Stability Optimization for Iot Data Centers Dc Microgrids: Impact of Constant Power Loads on Smart Grid Communication Over the Powerline

“…In (24), represent the system nonlinear part . The nonlinea can be studied within an upper and lower fuzzy inference boundary represent as = + (25) In (25), the upper and lower boundary of the dc microgrid nonlinear acti function lies within the domain of the fuzzy inference rule with acti functions and that verifies the convexity property (26) Thus (27) The two local models resulting from the single nonlinear function of the syste be represented with two rules using the activation functions and they are respectively represented [21]…”

“…. The nonlinear part can be studied within an upper and lower fuzzy inference boundary represented [21] as (25) In (25), the upper and lower boundary of the dc microgrid nonlinear activation function f(x 2 ) lies within the domain of the fuzzy inference rule with activation functions F 1 1 (z) and F 1 2 (z) that verifies the convexity property…”

“…To estimate the stability region and the impact of CPL distortion on signals exchanged over the dc bus of a microgrid having CPL, a pi section of the dc ring bus microgrid having one-source and one CPL shown in Figure 11 is used. This is similar to the approach used in [21], [22], [23], [25]. The generalized load impedance model on dc microgrids given in [12], [13], [20] is The constants m and n in (14) are the numerator and denominato and are load coefficients.…”

“…For communication purpose, the dc bus microgrid powerline can be modelled as a linear time invariant (LTI) system, and generally for LTI systems [25], [29], the group delay is a useful measure of amplitude and time distortion of signals generated by such channels [25], [29]. Suppose that x is the input signal to the LTI dc bus powerline channel having impulse response h[n], then the channel output y[n] is,…”

“…TS membership function can be derived such that for the nonlinear part of the dc microgrid equation in (23), membership function can be written as already discussed in (25), leading to (30) where (31) and F max and F min are computed based on (32) The fuzziness of the TS method implies that if z is in the positive (+) region of the TS membership model shown in figure 12, then and the matrix of the dc microgrid can be evaluated as shown in (28). If z is in the negative region of TS membership of figure 12, then dc microgrid can be evaluated as shown in (29).…”