Smart Fluid

Behera, Ajit

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80359-9_6

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…After watching a magnetic window washer and SMART fluid (SMARTF) commercials on YouTube, we were intrigued about testing the ability of a combination of these two technologies to destroy bacterial biofilms. SMARTFs are fluids whose properties can be changed by applying an electrical or magnetic field [ 23 , 24 ]. Magnetic SMARTFs can be divided into magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) and ferrofluids (FFs) based on their magnetic particle sizes and concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MRF particles are primarily on the micrometer scale and are too dense for Brownian motion to keep them suspended (in the lower-density carrier fluid). FF particles are primarily nanoparticles that are suspended by Brownian motion and generally will not settle under normal conditions [ 24 , 25 ]. Typical SMARTFs contain magnetic particles [usually iron oxide (IO)], carriers, and surfactants and are characterized by viscosity and magnetic strength [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using SMART Magnetic Fluids and Gels for Prevention and Destruction of Bacterial Biofilms

Krol

Ehrlich

2023

Microorganisms

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Biofouling is a major problem in all natural and artificial settings where solid surfaces meet liquids in the presence of living microorganisms. Microbes attach to the surface and form a multidimensional slime that protects them from unfavorable environments. These structures, known as biofilms, are detrimental and very hard to remove. Here, we used SMART magnetic fluids [ferrofluids (FFs), magnetorheological fluids (MRFs), and ferrogels (FGs) containing iron oxide nano/microparticles] and magnetic fields to remove bacterial biofilms from culture tubes, glass slides, multiwell plates, flow cells, and catheters. We compared the ability of different SMART fluids to remove biofilms and found that commercially available, as well as homemade, FFs, MRFs, and FGs can successfully remove biofilm more efficiently than traditional mechanical methods, especially from textured surfaces. In tested conditions, SMARTFs reduced bacterial biofilms by five orders of magnitude. The ability to remove biofilm increased with the amount of magnetic particles; therefore, MRFs, FG, and homemade FFs with high amounts of iron oxide were the most efficient. We showed also that SMART fluid deposition can protect a surface from bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. Possible applications of these technologies are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%