Smart embedded passive acoustic devices for real-time hydroacoustic surveys

Toma, Daniel Mihai; Masmitja, I.; Rı́o, Joaquı́n Del; Martinez, Enoc; Artero-Delgado, Carla; Casale, Alessandra; Figoli, Alberto; Pinzani, Diego; Cervantes, Pablo; Ruíz, Pablo; Memè, Simone; Delory, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2018.05.030

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, processing acoustic data in real-time is not a trivial task due to the required computational power and intrinsic complexity of acoustic signals. Although there are hydrophone prototypes with embedded underwater sound level algorithms, they are not yet widely used and their embedded algorithms still have room for improvement [15].…”

Section: A Ocean Sound Measurement Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metadata-Driven Universal Real-Time Ocean Sound Measurement Architecture

et al. 2021

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Underwater sound in the oceans has been significantly rising in the past decades due to an increase in human activities, adversely affecting the marine environment. In order to assess and limit the impact of underwater noise, the European Commission's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) included the long-term monitoring of low-frequency underwater sound as a relevant indicator to achieve a good environmental status. There is a wide range of commercial hydrophones and observing platforms able to perform such measurements. However, heterogeneity and lack of standardization in both hydrophones and observing platforms makes the integration and data management tasks time-consuming and error-prone. Moreover, their power and communications constraints need to be addressed to make them suitable for long-term ocean sound monitoring. Measured underwater sound levels are challenging to compare because different measurement methodologies are used, leading to a risk of misunderstandings and data misinterpretation. Furthermore, the exact methodology applied is not always public or accessible, significantly reducing ocean sound data re-usability. Within this work, a universal architecture for ocean sound measurement is presented, addressing hydrophone integration, real-time in situ processing and data management challenges. Emphasis is placed on generic and re-usable components, so it can be seamlessly replicated and deployed in new scenarios regardless of the underlying hardware and software constraints (hydrophone model, observing platform, operating system, etc.). Within the proposed architecture, a generic implementation of an underwater sound algorithm based on underwater noise measurement best practices is provided. Standardized and coherent metadata with emphasis on strong semantics is discussed, providing the building blocks for FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) ocean sound data management.

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Section: A Ocean Sound Measurement Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is composed of 4 slave hydrophones, called A2 hydrophones, streaming data to a master unit which processes the acoustic data in real-time. Therefore, the main capability of A2 is to provide directional sound source information for hydro-acoustic surveys [15]. Fig.…”

Section: A2 Hydrophone Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metadata-Driven Universal Real-Time Ocean Sound Measurement Architecture

et al. 2021

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“…NeXOS: Next Generation Web-Enabled Sensors for the Monitoring of a Changing Ocean optics, passive acoustics sensors, detectors Environment Toma et al [35] ReMAP: Integrated Fleet Management solution aimed at replacing fixed-interval inspections with adaptive condition-based interventions Piezo-electric, acoustic emission, optical-fibber Aeronautic Lizé et al [36] About twenty thousand scientific reports have considered reliability as the cornerstone of the main works [6,37]. The assessment of the sensor's reliability in a classification problem based on the transferable belief model was presented in [38], whereas the Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions was the foundation for a framework in another seminal paper [11].…”

Section: Reliability Of Sensors In Cyber-physicals Systems a Brief Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor Reliability in Cyber-Physical Systems Using Internet-of-Things Data: A Review and Case Study

et al. 2019

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Nowadays, reliability of sensors is one of the most important challenges for widespread application of Internet-of-things data in key emerging fields such as the automotive and manufacturing sectors. This paper presents a brief review of the main research and innovation actions at the European level, as well as some on-going research related to sensor reliability in cyber-physical systems (CPS). The research reported in this paper is also focused on the design of a procedure for evaluating the reliability of Internet-of-Things sensors in a cyber-physical system. The results of a case study of sensor reliability assessment in an autonomous driving scenario for the automotive sector are also shown. A co-simulation framework is designed in order to enable real-time interaction between virtual and real sensors. The case study consists of an IoT LiDAR-based collaborative map in order to assess the CPS-based co-simulation framework. Specifically, the sensor chosen is the Ibeo Lux 4-layer LiDAR sensor with IoT added capabilities. The modeling library for predicting error with machine learning methods is implemented at a local level, and a self-learning-procedure for decision-making based on Q-learning runs at a global level. The study supporting the experimental evaluation of the co-simulation framework is presented using simulated and real data. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for increasing sensor reliability in cyber-physical systems using Internet-of-Things data.

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“…To date, there have been some systems for underwater acoustic applications. Passive acoustic monitoring systems are extremely valuable for long-term research in the marine environment [1]. With increasing concern about underwater acoustics, numerous studies have proposed analyzing ocean sound [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there is some related literature about recording underwater acoustic data streams. In one work [1], cost-efficient, innovative, and interoperable ocean passive acoustic sensor systems were developed. The first digital hydrophone system was standalone and was used to record the raw underwater acoustic data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Multi-Function Hydrophone for Underwater Acoustic Application

Wang,

Zhou,

Yang

et al. 2023

JMSE

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In recent years, underwater acoustic applications have attracted much attention, for example, for underwater environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, etc. Hydrophones play a particularly important role. Although hydrophone design has been in multifarious application forms, it still needs to consider increasing demand for low-cost, low-consumption, and multiple-function devices, as well as issues around miniaturization, lossless data collection, etc. In this paper, we design a compact underwater acoustic device that has the capability of underwater acoustic signal storage, underwater acoustic signal transmission via the Internet, and decoding based on the direct sequences spread spectrum (DSSS). The key problem is how to implement multiple functions in only one micro-controller unit (MCU). The hardware and software of the proposed multi-function hydrophone are described in detail. In particular, the MCU, the pre-amplifier with gain control, and the analog-to-digital integrated chip are introduced. Moreover, underwater acoustic data storage, underwater acoustic transmission, and the DSSS receiver are depicted in terms of software. The different functions of the hydrophone are verified in sea trial experiments. The results show that the proposed multi-function hydrophone is able to sample underwater acoustic data at high quality. In addition, to demonstrate configurable parameters, the DSSS receiver with different carrier frequencies is provided. The proposed multi-function hydrophone realizes zero bit error rate (BER) when carrier frequency fc=9 kHz, and the BER with 10−3 order of magnitude when carrier frequency fc=15.5 kHz. The results show that the proposed multi-function hydrophone has great potential to explore the ocean.

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Smart embedded passive acoustic devices for real-time hydroacoustic surveys

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Metadata-Driven Universal Real-Time Ocean Sound Measurement Architecture

Metadata-Driven Universal Real-Time Ocean Sound Measurement Architecture

Sensor Reliability in Cyber-Physical Systems Using Internet-of-Things Data: A Review and Case Study

Design and Implementation of a Multi-Function Hydrophone for Underwater Acoustic Application

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