Smart Electronic Textile‐Based Wearable Supercapacitors

Abstract

Electronic textiles (e-textiles) have drawn significant attention from the scientific and engineering community as lightweight and comfortable next-generation wearable devices due to their ability to interface with the human body, and continuously monitor, collect, and communicate various physiological parameters. However, one of the major challenges for the commercialization and further growth of e-textiles is the lack of compatible power supply units. Thin and flexible supercapacitors (SCs), among various energy storage systems, are gaining consideration due to their salient features including excellent lifetime, lightweight, and high-power density. Textile-based SCs are thus an exciting energy storage solution to power smart gadgets integrated into clothing. Here, materials, fabrications, and characterization strategies for textile-based SCs are reviewed. The recent progress of textile-based SCs is then summarized in terms of their electrochemical performances, followed by the discussion on key parameters for their wearable electronics applications, including washability, flexibility, and scalability. Finally, the perspectives on their research and technological prospects to facilitate an essential step towards moving from laboratory-based flexible and wearable SCs to industrial-scale mass production are presented. IntroductionWearable electronic textiles (e-textiles) have been going through significant evolutions in recent years, due to the continuous progress of material science and nanotechnology, miniaturization, and wireless revolution. [1,2] E-textiles possess functionalities such as sensing, computation, display, and communication, [3][4][5][6]

Multifunctional Iontronic Sensor Based on Liquid Metal-Filled Ho llow Ionogel Fibers in Detecting Pressure, Temperature, and Proximity

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Three-dimensional ternary NixCuyZnz(CO3)(OH)2 electrodes for supercapacitors: electrochemical properties and applications

“…In addition, transition metals with various oxidation numbers are advantageous for supercapacitors that charge and discharge via redox reactions. 64,65 For example, they undergo Ni 2+ /Ni 3+ , Cu 2+ /Cu 3+ , and Zn 2+ /Zn 3+ oxidation-reduction reactions. At the same time, the faradaic redox reaction widely appears with Ni-O-OH, Cu-O-OH, and Zn-O-OH in the Ni, Cu, and Zn parts, respectively.…”

Toward Sustainable Wearable Electronic Textiles

“…Conductive polymers such as PANI, PPy, PT, and biodegradable polymers such as poly­( d , l -lactic acid) (PDLLA) and PCL can be covalently bound together, enabling the ability to “tailor and engineer” the performance and sustainability properties of the final polymeric material. However, an ongoing challenge for organic-based conductive polymers is that the material’s longevity is relatively poor, specifically the inadequate cycling performance of conductive polymers in applications such as supercapacitor electrodes , in wearable electronics. To overcome this technical deficiency, incorporating carbon-based materials into conductive polymers is a promising approach to enhancing their overall electrochemical performance by integrating the optimal individual properties of both components leading to better utilization and sustainability.…”