Smart City Ontologies: Improving the effectiveness of smart city applications

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of low impact of smart city applications observed in the fields of energy and transport, which constitute high-priority domains for the development of smart cities. However, these are not the only fields where the impact of smart cities has been limited. The paper provides an explanation for the low impact of various individual applications of smart cities and discusses ways of improving their effectiveness. We argue that the impact of applications depends primarily on their ontology, and secondarily on smart technology and programming features. Consequently, we start by creating an overall ontology for the smart city, defining the building blocks of this ontology with respect to the most cited definitions of smart cities, and structuring this ontology with the Protégé 5.0 editor, defining entities, class hierarchy, object properties, and data type properties. We then analyze how the ontologies of a sample of smart city applications fit into the overall Smart City Ontology, the consistency between digital spaces, knowledge processes, city domains targeted by the applications, and the types of innovation that determine their impact. In conclusion, we underline the relationships between innovation and ontology, and discuss how we can improve the effectiveness of smart city applications, combining expert and user-driven ontology design with the integration and or-chestration of applications over platforms and larger city entities such as neighborhoods, districts, clusters, and sectors of city activities.

Building IoT-Based Applications for Smart Cities: How Can Ontology Catalogs Help?

“…Smart City Ontology (SCO) is an ontology published in 2015 by Komninos et al [43]. It reuses some ontologies such as SKOS, but it does not reuse the SSN ontology and lacks of best practices.…”

“…The LOV4IoT ontology catalog has been employed by users to evaluate its usability and effectiveness. We designed an evaluation form 42 which is available on the LOV4IoT project web site 43 . The evaluation result has been previously published in [52], but we are still accepting answers to evaluate the ontology catalog with more and more users.…”

“…LOV4IOT EVALUATION A. Ontology Catalogues Analysis for Smart Cities -Tables B. Smart city projects and ontologies -Tables C. Reusable Tools to improve ontology Model model = ModelFactory.createDefaultModel(); [43] Not found yet SOFIA2 [17].…”

Um Modelo para Integração e Disponibilização de Dados na Área de Saúde Governamental

“…Em [8], os autores afirmam que há um baixo impacto nas aplicações de cidades inteligentes nasáreas de energia e transporte, e que há outrasáreas nos quais o impacto de cidades inteligentes tambémé limitado. Ainda, argumentam que o impacto das aplicações dependem em primeiro lugar no conhecimento no qual se baseiam (ontologia) e, em segundo lugar nas tecnologias inteligentes e nas caracterís-ticas das aplicações.…”

Framing a Satellite Based Asset Tracking (SPARTACUS) within Smart City Technology

“…Smart city initiatives attracted the attention of many researchers and politicians on issues such as mobility, security, environment, or any combination of them, since they are driven by the goal of serving citizens in a better way [1] . Moreover, smart cities facilitate the government to monitor, understand, analyze, and plan the city in order to improve the equity, efficiency, and quality of life [2,3] . The attention of the research activity summarized in this paper is focused on the concept that the smart city development provides opportunities to enhance the quality of civil infrastructures as well.…”