Smart Boilers: Grid Support Services from Non-Critical Loads

Grid Quality Services from Smart Boilers: Experimental Verification on Realistic Scenarios for Micro-Grids with Demand-Side Management Oriented to Self-Consumption

“…Multiple SBs, at different states (water tank sizes, water temperature, etc.) have been simulated and their ability to cooperate in order to complete such common tasks, seamlessly for the DSO and the end-user, has been verified [9]. due to active power injection from the PV connected in load line 1 is expected to be miti gated more effectively from a SB connected to load line 1 rather than a SB connected t load line 2 (adjacent building), due to the impedance of the two lines.…”

“…It is necessary to note at thi point that with the increasing number of available SBs, the SB cluster is expected to b more effective. Multiple SBs, at different states (water tank sizes, water temperature, etc have been simulated and their ability to cooperate in order to complete such commo tasks, seamlessly for the DSO and the end-user, has been verified [9].…”

“…Hence, the necessity of the power line input filter is still under investigation, with an optional addition of a surge protector. It is necessary to mention at this point that the primary purpose of the present work has been the development and construction of the SB kit and the proof of concept through experimental observations and test measurements, whereas corresponding simulation results have preceded [9]. Secondary targets have been the determination of the kit's efficiency and study of several prototypes developed in order to build a final prototype in the It is necessary to mention at this point that the primary purpose of the present work has been the development and construction of the SB kit and the proof of concept through experimental observations and test measurements, whereas corresponding simulation results have preceded [9].…”

“…It is necessary to mention at this point that the primary purpose of the present work has been the development and construction of the SB kit and the proof of concept through experimental observations and test measurements, whereas corresponding simulation results have preceded [9]. Secondary targets have been the determination of the kit's efficiency and study of several prototypes developed in order to build a final prototype in the It is necessary to mention at this point that the primary purpose of the present work has been the development and construction of the SB kit and the proof of concept through experimental observations and test measurements, whereas corresponding simulation results have preceded [9]. Secondary targets have been the determination of the kit's efficiency and study of several prototypes developed in order to build a final prototype Energies 2024, 17, 2096 8 of 30 in the near future, in conformity with international safety regulations (safe to the users and to the environment) and market needs (e.g., small volume and acceptable efficiency).…”

“…A primary analysis of the concept of a SB is given in [9] along with the origin of the background idea [10,11] (use of controllable loads to provide grid quality services), plus some basic hardware considerations, as emerged at the initial stage of the work. The proof of concept in [9] was based on simulations, providing more than just encouraging results. In this paper, the SB concept for the provision of quality services to the grid and for short-term energy storage during excess generation is presented in detail.…”