Smallholder Tree Growing in South and Southeast Asia

Snelder, Denyse J.; Lasco, Rodel D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8261-0_1

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Due to its ability of growing in very poor soils or in stressed condition, Gmelina arborea Linn. has become popular in different plantation programs of agroforestry, community forestry, social forestry, village and farm forestry in different regions of Bangladesh and several other tropical countries (Snelder and Lasco 2008;Nath and Inoe 2008). To fulfill the demand in the plantation programs, many organizations are producing G. arborea in the nursery in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Gmelina arborea in arsenic-contaminated soil

Barua

Gupta

Mridha

et al. 2010

Journal of Forestry Research

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Arsenic (As) in the soils of South-Eastern Bangladesh is not only a threat for the health of millions of people but also a problem for plant growth due to its higher concentration in soil. Gmelina arborea Linn. is a promising fast growing tree species in Bangladesh which has also a potential to be planted in arsenic contaminated areas. This study assessed the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the growth of G. arborea in arsenic amended soils at nursery stage. Before sowing seeds, soils were treated with four different concentrations (10 mg·kg -1 , 25 mg·kg -1 , 50 mg·kg -1 , and 100 mg·kg -1 ) of Arsenic. Growth parameters (length of shoot and root, collar diameter, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root) of the plant, and mycorrhizal root colonization and spore population in the rhizosphere soil of G. arborea were recorded.Mycorrhizal seedlings showed better growth than non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Mycorrhizal seedlings planted in soil with 10-mg⋅kg -1 arsenic showed best performance in terms of growth, biomass and mycorrhizal colonization, compared to other treatments with higher concentration of arsenic. With increasing arsenic concentration, growth of seedlings, mycorrhizal infection rate and spore population, all decreased significantly (p<0.05). The mycorrhizal seedlings had as much as 40%The online version is available at Responsible editor: Zhu Hong higher increment in total growth and 2.4 times higher increment in biomass compared to non-mycorrhizal seedlings. The study clearly indicated that mycorrhizal inoculation could reduce the harmful effects of arsenic on the initial growth of G. arborea Linn. in degraded soil at nursery stage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Gmelina arborea in arsenic-contaminated soil

Barua

Gupta

Mridha

et al. 2010

Journal of Forestry Research

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“…If the target is also to motivate local farmers to use their degraded land for biofuel production, it is important to consider that tree growing by farmers is often associated with multiple objectives influenced by livelihood necessities and local cultures [46][47][48][49]. Current literature emphasizes that farmers' capacity to adopt tree planting is also dependent on production technology, adequate physical infrastructure, and developed markets for tree products [47,49,50]. Improved understanding of these circumstances is crucial for policy improvements to succeed in making tree planting feasible, acceptable, and ultimately profitable for local people and related stockholders [51].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Suitability of Tree Species for Bioenergy Production on Burned and Degraded Peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Maimunah

Rahman

Samsudin

et al. 2018

Land

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Large areas of deforested and degraded land, particularly degraded peatlands, need a viable long-term solution for restoration, ideally one that ensures energy security without compromising food security or biodiversity conversation. To address a knowledge gap on the most adaptive bioenergy crop(s) for degraded lands, this research project assessed the survival and growth performance of potential bioenergy crops to restore burned and degraded peatlands. Our methodology compared the bioenergy species with the potential to survive in extreme environments, i.e., gamal [Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp.], kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissner), kemiri sunan [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw], and nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.). Observed parameters are plant survival rates, tree height, and circular stem growth. The experiment was conducted between March 2016 to February 2017 in a two-hectare demonstration plot on burned and degraded peatland in Buntoi village, Pulang Pisau, Central Kalimantan province. Using a split plot design, two treatments were given to each species, i.e., monoculture plantation and agroforestry (intercropped with Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.); with each treatment, the species were replicated on two separate plots. Results indicate that nyamplung is the most adoptable species followed by kemiri sunan, however both species performed very well under agroforestry treatment when compared with monoculture. Further study is needed to assess the productivity and associate biofuel yield.

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“… Due to this population growth, the expansion of agriculture has quickened the pace of land transformation and degradation of ecosystem (Hooke & Martín‐Duque, ). This problem is compounded by the agricultural intensification currently being practiced in some areas in order to increase crop production and provide food security being accompanied by serious forms of land degradation (Brookfield, , ; Snelder & Lasco, ). Nearly 20 million km 2 of land, or ~40% of the global agricultural land area, has already been degraded.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Of this, over half is so degraded that farmers lack the means to restore it (Hooke & Martín‐Duque, ; Rahman, ). Farmland is affected by soil nutrient depletion and soil physical degradation due to repeated cultivation without periodic application of fertilizers, plant organic matter, and manure (Rahman, Jacobsen, Healey, Roshetko, & Sunderland, ; Rahman, Sunderland, Roshetko, & Healey, ; Snelder & Lasco, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Integrating bioenergy and food production on degraded landscapes in Indonesia for improved socioeconomic and environmental outcomes

Rahman

Baral

Sharma

et al. 2019

Food and Energy Security

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Growing bioenergy crops on degraded and underutilized land is a promising solution to meet the requirement for energy security, food security, and land restoration. This paper assesses the socioeconomic and environmental benefits of agroforestry systems based on nyamplung (tamanu) (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) in the Wonogiri district of Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected through field observations and focus group discussions involving 20 farmers who intercrop nyamplung with maize, rice, and peanuts and utilize the species in honey production. Calculating each crop's net present value (NPV) demonstrates that when grown as monocultures, staple crops rice and peanuts lead to negative profitability, while maize generates only a marginal profit; yet honey production utilizing nyamplung produces a NPV nearly 300 times greater than maize. However, when utilizing nyamplung, honey is also the commodity most sensitive to decreases in production, followed by nyamplung–peanut and nyamplung–rice combinations. While decreases in production have little effect on the NPVs of rice, peanuts, and maize, these annual crops can only be cultivated for a maximum of 6 years within the nyamplung's 35‐year cycle, due to canopy closure after this time. Nyamplung‐based agroforestry systems can provide economic, social, and environmental gains on different scales. However, when considering the high profit potential of nyamplung combined with honey production, further research is needed to improve and develop bee husbandry practices so this becomes a viable option for local farmers.

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Smallholder Tree Growing in South and Southeast Asia

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Gmelina arborea in arsenic-contaminated soil

Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Gmelina arborea in arsenic-contaminated soil

Assessment of Suitability of Tree Species for Bioenergy Production on Burned and Degraded Peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Integrating bioenergy and food production on degraded landscapes in Indonesia for improved socioeconomic and environmental outcomes

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