Smallholder goat breeding and flock management practices in the central rift valley of Ethiopia

Kebede, Tesfaye; Haile, Aynalem; Dadi, Hailu

doi:10.1007/s11250-011-0033-9

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The ratio of female goats and mature female goats in the flock are 67.58% and 43.2%, respectively. The finding was in contrast with the work of Kebede et al (2011) in which the matured female constituted about 67% of the total flock in Shalla and ATJK districts. In the study area, the ratio of male to female and the ratio of mature male to mature female was 1:2.08 and 1:8.4, respectively.…”

Section: Flock Size and Structurecontrasting

confidence: 96%

“…There were no significant difference between districts in goat flock size and structure (p>0.05) except mature male (p<0.05) which are higher in Mada Walabu district. This was similar with the work of Kebede et al (2011), which reported the percent of male in the flock were 30.7% in Shalla and ATJK. This indicates that male goats were culled or sold at young age most probably before weaning.…”

Section: Flock Size and Structuresupporting

confidence: 91%

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Breeding objectives, selection criteria and breeding system of indigenous goat types in bale zone, oromia, Ethiopia

Asefa

Kebede

Effa

2016

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech.

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The study was undertaken in bale zone to assess farmer's selective breeding objectives, trait preferences, selection criteria and breeding system October 2012 to November 2013. A purposive and multistage sampling technique was applied for selection of 3 district and 9 kebeles. Then 360 households were selected by using simple random sampling techniques after the list of pastoralist having goats was identified. Statistical analysis system version 9.1 was used for analysis of data. Indices, effective population size and rate of inbreeding were calculated on average each respondent holds about 14 goats. Milk production is the main reason of goat keeping in the study area. Appearance is the first rank as selection criteria for male and female in all studies area. About 47.8% of the respondents have their own buck. The main use of breeding buck in the study area was for mating purpose (76.2%). Mean estimate of effective population size and mean rate of inbreeding was 2.43 and 0.21, respectively when a household flock is herded alone and under random mating. Therefore, any breed improvement strategies that are intended to be implemented in the study area and else-where should consider the traditional breeding practices and breeding objectives of the community.

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Section: Flock Size and Structurecontrasting

confidence: 96%

Section: Flock Size and Structuresupporting

confidence: 91%

Breeding objectives, selection criteria and breeding system of indigenous goat types in bale zone, oromia, Ethiopia

Asefa

Kebede

Effa

2016

Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech.

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“…Traditional pastoralists today manage sheep and goats principally for growth, maximizing females in herds with male-offtake sustained up to 8-16% a year (59). Herders' decisions regarding males spared for breeding or new stock acquisition (male or female) are informed by family histories of growth potential, color, milk production, and resilience (60)(61)(62). Nevertheless, acting primarily on males, directed selection remains weak.…”

Section: Management and Gene Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the roles of directed breeding and gene flow in animal domestication

Marshall

Dobney

Denham

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

111

116

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For the last 150 y scholars have focused upon the roles of intentional breeding and genetic isolation as fundamental to understanding the process of animal domestication. This analysis of ethnoarchaeological, archaeological, and genetic data suggests that long-term gene flow between wild and domestic stocks was much more common than previously assumed, and that selective breeding of females was largely absent during the early phases of animal domestication. These findings challenge assumptions about severe genetic bottlenecks during domestication, expectations regarding monophyletic origins, and interpretations of multiple domestications. The findings also raise new questions regarding ways in which behavioral and phenotypic domestication traits were developed and maintained.reproductive isolation | selected breeding | zooarchaeology | donkey | pig Domestication resulted in diverse phenotypic and behavioral changes to wild animals, including decreased flight responses, increased sociality, earlier reproduction, and modification of endocrine and metabolic systems (1-4). Darwin's (5) seminal research, heavily influenced by European animal breeding practices during the 19th century, led subsequent scholars studying animal domestication to prioritize the central roles of human intentionality, directed or controlled breeding of individuals, and genetic isolation of captive herds from wild relatives (6). This anthropocentric legacy is evident in various widely used definitions of domestication that emphasize isolation of captive animals from wild species and total human control over breeding and animal care (6-8). However, a growing body of archaeological, genetic, and ethnohistorical evidence discussed here shows that neither reproductive isolation nor intentional breeding of individuals was as significant as traditionally thought. Our findings indicate long-term gene flow between managed and wild animal populations, and little control of breeding of domestic females. These findings challenge assumptions about severe genetic bottlenecks during domestication and interpretations of genetic variability in terms of multiple instances of domestication. The findings also raise questions about ways in which behavioral and phenotypic domestication traits were maintained.Research into dog and pig domestication over the last several decades has drawn attention to the roles of nonhuman drivers in the domestication process (9, 10)

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“…The flocks browse oncommunal grazing area dominated by open grassland and there is virtually no habit of supplementation of any group of goats including nursing and pregnant does. The goats reproduce year round without control breeding (Kebede et al, 2012).…”

Section: Study Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-weaning kid mortality in Adamitulu Jedokombolcha District, Mid Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Petros¹,

Aragaw²,

Shilima³

2014

J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health

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A longitudinal study was conducted, from October 2008 to April 2009, on 188 kids born from flocks of 50 randomly selected households in Aneno and Edokontola villages in Adamitulu Jedokombolcha district, mid rift valley, Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to estimate pre-weaning mortality, identify associated factors and establish possible causes of death in goat kids. Data collected were used to evaluate the effect of sex, birth weight, parity, type of birth and some management practices on preweaning mortality. All the factors, except sex of the kid, significantly (at least P<0.05) influenced the mortality of kids. Generally mortality increased (P<0.05) with parity. There were more deaths in kids born in triplets than in twins and single litters. Management practices such as keeping new born kids with their doe near homestead, and separation of sick animals had significantly reduced (P<0.001) preweaning kid mortality. Mismothering was the most frequently suspected cause of mortality followed by pneumonia, enzootic ataxia, diarrhea, goat pox and predators. The study revealed the existence of very high kid mortality in the study area. Supplementation of multiple-bearing pregnant does and nursing does with multiple litters may be considered to reduce pre-weaning kid lose.

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Smallholder goat breeding and flock management practices in the central rift valley of Ethiopia

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Breeding objectives, selection criteria and breeding system of indigenous goat types in bale zone, oromia, Ethiopia

Breeding objectives, selection criteria and breeding system of indigenous goat types in bale zone, oromia, Ethiopia

Evaluating the roles of directed breeding and gene flow in animal domestication

Pre-weaning kid mortality in Adamitulu Jedokombolcha District, Mid Rift Valley, Ethiopia

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