Smaller low‐density lipoprotein size as a possible risk factor for the prevalence of coronary artery diseases in haemodialysis patients: Associations of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and the hepatic lipase gene polymorphism with low‐density lipoprotein size

Kimura, Hideki; Miyazaki, Ryoichi; Imura, Toshio; Masunaga, Shinya; Shimada, A.; Mikami, Daisuke; Kasuno, Kenji; Takahashi, Naoki; Hirano, Tsutomu; Yoshida, Haruyoshi

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01454.x

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…The present study demonstrated that the plasma levels of TC, LDL-C, and lipoprotein(a) were significantly higher in the ACS and stable CHD groups compared to the control group. These blood lipid profiles have been confirmed with several independent lines of evidence (Kimura et al, 2011). The plasma level of HDL-C was lower in the ACS group than the stable CHD group, and was much lower than that of the control group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Relationship between the cholesterol ester transfer protein TaqIB polymorphism and the lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) gene TaqIB polymorphism and the lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Two hundred eighty-eight patients were divided into a control group, an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) group, and a stable coronary heart disease (CHD) group. Blood biochemical indices were determined using the enzyme method, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was performed to study the TaqIB polymorphism of the CETP gene. The ACS and stable CHD groups were treated with atorvastatin, and blood lipid levels were reexamined after three months. Plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and lipoprotein(a) were all significantly higher in the ACS 2141 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 13 (1): 2140-2148 (2014) Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and stable CHD groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). After three months of treatment with atorvastatin, plasma levels of TC, LDL-C, triglycerides (TG) (only in patients with genotype B2B2), and lipoprotein(a) (only in patients with genotype B1B2) were all significantly decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). After treatment, the plasma level of TG was lower in patients with genotype B2B2 compared to patients with genotypes B1B1 or B1B2 (B1 carriers) (P < 0.01). Therefore, the CETP TaqIB polymorphism is associated with the lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin in patients with CHD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Relationship between the cholesterol ester transfer protein TaqIB polymorphism and the lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2014

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…Patients on hemodialysis form one of these important subpopulations because they are at a high risk for atherosclerosis. In this group, the link between sdLDL and coronary artery disease [2] and also survival [3] has recently been established.…”

Section: The Impact Of Different Ldl Subclass Profiles On Cardiovascumentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of low-density lipoprotein subfractions by carbohydrates

Gerber

Berneis

2012

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article aims at reviewing the recent findings that have been made concerning the crosstalk of carbohydrate metabolism with the generation of small, dense lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which are known to be associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile. RECENT FINDINGS: Studies conducted during the past few years have quite unanimously shown that the quantity of carbohydrates ingested is associated with a decrease of LDL particle size and an increase in its density. Conversely, diets that aim at a reduction of carbohydrate intake are able to improve LDL quality. Furthermore, a reduction of the glycaemic index without changing the amount of carbohydrates ingested has similar effects. Diseases with altered carbohydrate metabolism, for example, type 2 diabetes, are associated with small, dense LDL particles. Finally, even the kind of monosaccharide the carbohydrate intake consists of is important concerning LDL particle size: fructose has been shown to alter the LDL particle subclass profile more adversely than glucose in many recent studies. SUMMARY: LDL particle quality, rather than its quantity, is affected by carbohydrate metabolism, which is of clinical importance, in particular, in the light of increased carbohydrate consumption in today's world.

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“…In the present study, a positive correlation was not observed between CETP and LDL-C or sd LDL-C at baseline. This may have been due to individual differences in sd LDL-C modifiers such as TG levels themselves and hepatic TG lipase activity according to gene polymorphisms [ 31 , 32 ]. In contrast, an independent positive association was observed between percentage changes in CETP and those in sd LDL-C because percentage changes in lipids represented the standardized effects of statins in each individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum CETP status is independently associated with reduction rates in LDL-C in pitavastatin-treated diabetic patients and possible involvement of LXR in its association

Shimada

Kimura

Oida³

et al. 2016

Lipids Health Dis

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BackgroundStatins decrease cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) levels, which have been positively associated with hepatic lipid content as well as serum low density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. However, the relationship between the CETP status and statin-induced reductions in LDL-C levels has not yet been elucidated in detail. We herein examined the influence of the CETP status on the lipid-reducing effects of pitavastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as the molecular mechanism underlying pitavastatin-induced modifications in CETP levels.MethodsFifty-three patients were treated with 2 mg of pitavastatin for 3 months. Serum levels of LDL-C, small dense (sd) LDL-C, and CETP were measured before and after the pitavastatin treatment. The effects of pitavastatin, T0901317, a specific agonist for liver X receptor (LXR) that reflects hepatic cholesterol contents, and LXR silencing on CETP mRNA expression in HepG2 cells were also examined by a real-time PCR assay.ResultsThe pitavastatin treatment decreased LDL-C, sdLDL-C, and CETP levels by 39, 42, and 23 %, respectively. Despite the absence of a significant association between CETP and LDL-C levels at baseline, baseline CETP levels and its percentage change were an independent positive determinant for the changes observed in LDL-C and sdLDL-C levels. The LXR activation with T0901317 (0.5 μM), an in vitro condition analogous to hepatic cholesterol accumulation, increased CETP mRNA levels in HepG2 cells by approximately 220 %, while LXR silencing markedly diminished the increased expression of CETP. Pitavastatin (5 μM) decreased basal CETP mRNA levels by 21 %, and this was completely reversed by T0901317.ConclusionBaseline CETP levels may predict the lipid-reducing effects of pitavastatin. Pitavastatin-induced CETP reductions may be partially attributed to decreased LXR activity, predictable by the ensuing decline in hepatic cholesterol synthesis.Trial registrationUMIN Clinical Trials Registry ID UMIN000019020

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Smaller low‐density lipoprotein size as a possible risk factor for the prevalence of coronary artery diseases in haemodialysis patients: Associations of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and the hepatic lipase gene polymorphism with low‐density lipoprotein size

Abstract: These suggest that a smaller LDL size, which is associated with higher levels of TG and CETP and the HL/CC genotype, may serve as a risk factor for CAD in HD patients.

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Relationship between the cholesterol ester transfer protein TaqIB polymorphism and the lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Relationship between the cholesterol ester transfer protein TaqIB polymorphism and the lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Regulation of low-density lipoprotein subfractions by carbohydrates

Serum CETP status is independently associated with reduction rates in LDL-C in pitavastatin-treated diabetic patients and possible involvement of LXR in its association

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