Small World Effect in an Epidemiological Model

Kupennan, Marcelo; Abramson, Guillermo

doi:10.1515/9781400841356.489

Cited by 61 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…At p ≈ 0.5, the network has already reached over 70% of its maximum efficiency (p ≈ 0.9). These results were corroborated by Kuperman and Abramson (2001) for a SIR model using the original small world model.…”

Section: Interventionssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Both Watts and Strogatz (1998) and Newman and Watts (1999) use the spread of an infectious disease in order to investigate the functional significance of small world connectivity for dynamical systems, where they predicted that infectious diseases spread much more easily and quickly in a small world. In other words, information or disease spreading on a small world graph reaches a number of people which increases initially as a power of time, then changes to an exponential increase, and then flattens off as the graph becomes saturated (Kuperman and Abramson 2001).…”

Section: Small World Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They do not characterise the ties/link properties of edges, essential to capture the social behaviour of an individual within the network; 3. Connections are equally weighted or strongly connected (Kuperman and Abramson 2001).…”

Section: Small World Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Small world network models of the dynamics of HIV infection

et al. 2009

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It has long been recognised that the structure of social networks plays an important role in the dynamics of disease propagation. The spread of HIV results from a complex network of social interactions and other factors related to culture, sexual behaviour, demography, geography and disease characteristics, as well as the availability, accessibility and delivery of healthcare. The small world phenomenon has recently been used for representing social network interactions. It states that, given some random connections, the degrees of separation between any two individuals within a population can be very small. In this paper we present a discrete event simulation model which uses a variant of the small world network model to represent social interactions and the sexual transmission of HIV within a population. We use the model to demonstrate the importance of the choice of topology and initial distribution of infection, and capture the direct and non-linear relationship between the probability of a casual partnership (small world randomness parameter) and the spread of HIV. Finally, we illustrate the use of our model for the evaluation of interventions such as the promotion of safer sex and introduction of a vaccine.

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Section: Interventionssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Small World Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small world network models of the dynamics of HIV infection

et al. 2009

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“…In a related vein, contagion models have been successfully used to study the spread of information and epidemics [99,100]. A key finding from that literature is that high centrality nodes are most effective in spreading information [101].…”

Section: Targeted Information Disseminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of spatio-temporal patterns of energy technology adoption: An agent-based modeling approach

2015

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h i g h l i g h t sWe present an agent-based model of residential solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption. Model integrates social, behavioral, and economic elements of agent decision-making. Real-world, large-scale integrated dataset used for model validation and testing. We study the importance of using disaggregated empirical data on model performance. Social and attitudinal components are critical for spatial and demographic accuracy. a b s t r a c tEnergy technology adoption is a complex process, involving social, behavioral, and economic factors that impact individual decision-making. This paper uses an empirical, geographic information system (GIS)-integrated agent-based model of residential solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption to explore the importance of using empirical household-level data and of incorporating economic as well as social and behavioral factors on model outcomes. Our goal is to identify features of the model that are most critical to successful prediction of the temporal, spatial, and demographic patterns that characterize the technology adoption process for solar PV. Agent variables, topology, and environment are derived from detailed and comprehensive real-world data between 2004 and 2013 in Austin (Texas, USA). Four variations of the model are developed, each with a different level of complexity and empirical characterization. We find that while an explicit focus only on the financial aspects of the solar PV adoption decision performs well in predicting the rate and scale of adoption, accounting for agent-level attitude and social interactions are critical for predicting spatial and demographic patterns of adoption with high accuracy.

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“…A typical and interesting spreading process is epidemic propagation. Relevant work can be seen in [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Among the research of epidemic propagation, epidemic immunization strategies attracted more attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing rumor spreading on small-world networks

Huang

Jin

2011

J Syst Sci Complex

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Since the spreading of harmful rumors can deeply endanger a society, it is valuable to investigate strategies that can efficiently prevent hazardous rumor propagation. To conduct this investigation, the authors modify the SIR model to describe rumor propagation on networks, and apply two major immunization strategies, namely, the random immunization and the targeted immunization to the rumor model on a small-world network. The authors find that when the average degree of the network is small, both two strategies are effective and when the average degree is large, neither strategy is efficient in preventing rumor propagation. In the latter case, the authors propose a new strategy by decreasing the credibility of the rumor and applying either the random or the targeted immunization at the same time. Numerical simulations indicate that this strategy is effective in preventing rumor spreading on the small-world network with large average degree.

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Small World Effect in an Epidemiological Model

Cited by 61 publications

References 13 publications

Small world network models of the dynamics of HIV infection

Small world network models of the dynamics of HIV infection

Determinants of spatio-temporal patterns of energy technology adoption: An agent-based modeling approach

Preventing rumor spreading on small-world networks

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