“…In recent years, the elimination of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) from paper making, petrochemical, plastic, and insecticidal industries wastewater has aroused much attention due to the associated serious effects on human health and environment issues . Various methods have been explored to remove 4-CP from wastewater, including chemical/electrochemical oxidation, biological degradation, and photocatalysis. − Among these methods, semiconductor-based photoelectrocatalysis has drawn enormous interest as one of the most promising technologies for solving the energy and environmental issues. , Semiconducting TiO 2 has been considered as the most promising photocatalyst for wastewater treatment due to it being environmentally friendly, photochemically stable, capable of complete mineralization, and nontoxic . However, TiO 2 can be only be excited by the ultraviolet light due to its wide band gap (3.0–3.2 eV), thus making TiO 2 an inefficient photocatalytic material for solar light utilization and limiting its practical applications to a large extent.…”