Small-vessel radiography in situ with monochromatic synchrotron radiation.

Mori, Hiromu; Hyodo, Kazuyuki; Tanaka, Etsuro; Uddin-Mohammed, Minhaz; Yamakawa, Akira; Shinozaki, Yoshiro; Nakazawa, Hiroe; Tanaka, Yutaka; Sekka, Takafumi; Iwata, Yuhei; Handa, Shunnosuke; Umetani, Keiji; Ueki, Hironori; Yokoyama, Toshihiko; Tanioka, Kenkichi; Kubota, Minoru; Hosaka, Hideaki Takabe; Ishikawa, Nobuyoshi; Ando, Masami

doi:10.1148/radiology.201.1.8816540

Cited by 133 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…Since monochromatic synchrotron radiation enhances sensitivity for the iodine-contrast material and the high-definition video camera has high sensitivity and high resolution [10,11], we were able to use these systems to perform microangiographies and visualize arteries as small as 50 m in diameter in the rat tail, which has not been demonstrated in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fundamental design of our synchrotron radiation angiographic system has already been reported (Fig. 1) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Briefly, monochromatic synchrotron radiation with an energy level of 33.3 keV was obtained with a silicon crystal from beamlines NE5 and BL-14 in the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, quantification of the diameters is impossible in vessels with a diameter of less than 300 m [10]. Recently, we developed a novel microangiographic system with high contrast resolution and high spatial resolution using monochromatic synchrotron radiation as an X-ray source and a high-definition video camera system as a detector [11]. This system allowed depiction of small vessels in the leg (collateral arteries) [12], intestinal organs (vasa recta and their submucosal communications) [13], brain (small branches arising from the canine circle of Willis) [10], heart (penetrating transmural artery) [14], and cancer tissue (angiogenic vessels) [15], and depiction of small branches (down to the fifth order) of the pancreatic duct [13].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Inhomogeneous Vasodilatory Responses of Rat Tail Arteries to Heat Stress: Evaluation by Synchrotron Radiation Microangiography.

Kuwabara

Furuyama²,

Ito³

et al. 2002

JJP

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Vasodilation in the superficial region of the body (i.e., skin) plays an important role in dissipating body heat in humans [1], as vasodilation in the tail does in rats [2,3]. The rat tail has one large artery, the medial caudal artery, and many small arteries. The small arteries are distributed both in the superficial and deep regions in the tail.In vivo analyses of regional blood flow and/or va- Japanese Journal of Physiology, 52, 403-408, 2002 Key words: angiography, heat stress, peripheral circulation, vascular control, vasodilation.Abstract: Tail blood flow is crucial for dissipating body heat in rats. Angiographies are convenient tools to evaluate tail circulation. However, conventional angiographies do not have sufficient sensitivity or spatial resolution for small vessels. Recently, we developed a novel microangiographic system using monochromatic synchrotron radiation and a high-definition video camera system. Here, we report an evaluation of rat tail circulation under heat stress using the synchrotron radiation microangiographic system. We performed an experiment using the microangiography of the caudal artery before and after heating up WKAH/HkmSlc rats to rectal temperature of 39°C. The images were digitized and temporal subtraction was performed, and the diameters of caudal arteries were evaluated. After heating, the medial caudal artery was markedly dilated (320Ϯ53 to 853Ϯ243 m in diameter, pϽ0.001), while no significant change was observed in the lateral caudal arteries (139Ϯ42 to 167Ϯ73 m) and segmental anastomosing vessels. The heat stress allowed for visualization of the superficial caudal arteries with a diameter of approximately 60 m, not visible prior to heating. Thus, synchrotron radiation microangiography demonstrated that the rat tail possessed dual sets of arteries; one set was highly sensitive to heat-induced vasodilation (medial caudal artery and superficial caudal arteries) and the other set was less sensitive (lateral caudal arteries and segmental anastomosing vessels).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhomogeneous Vasodilatory Responses of Rat Tail Arteries to Heat Stress: Evaluation by Synchrotron Radiation Microangiography.

Kuwabara

Furuyama²,

Ito³

et al. 2002

JJP

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“…Shirai et al (25) designed a unique X-ray TV system for directly visualizing pulmonary vessels in the cat with diameters 100 -500 m, although such measurements were only possible in open-chest animal models (24,27). In the last decade, technological advances in microangiography have utilized monochromatic synchrotron radiation (SR) as a powerful X-ray source and, when coupled with a high-resolution and high-speed imaging system, provide the ability to study microvessels of various animal organs ex vivo and in vivo (18). Tanaka et al (28) were able to visualize coronary vessels (Ͼ50 m) in the exposed dog heart.…”

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confidence: 99%

Imaging of the pulmonary circulation in the closed-chest rat using synchrotron radiation microangiography

Schwenke

Pearson²,

Umetani³

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Schwenke DO, Pearson JT, Umetani K, Kangawa K, Shirai M. Imaging of the pulmonary circulation in the closed-chest rat using synchrotron radiation microangiography. J Appl Physiol 102: [787][788][789][790][791][792][793] 2007. First published October 12, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00596.2006.-Structural changes of the pulmonary circulation during the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension remain to be fully elucidated. Although angiography has been used for visualizing the pulmonary circulation, conventional angiography systems have considerable limitations for visualizing small microvessels (diameters Ͻ 200 m), particularly within a closed-chest animal model. In this study we assess the effectiveness of monochromatic synchrotron radiation (SR) for microangiography of the pulmonary circulation in the intact-chest rat. Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, and a catheter was positioned within the right ventricle, for administering iodinated contrast agent (Iomeron 350). Subsequently, microangiography of pulmonary arterial branches within the left lung was performed using monochromatic SR. Additionally, we assessed dynamic changes in vessel diameter during acute hypoxic (10% and 8% O 2 for 4 min each) pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). Using SR we were able to visualize pulmonary microvessels with a diameter of Ͻ100 m (the 4th generation of branching from the left axial artery). Acute hypoxia caused a significant decrease in the diameter of all vessels less than 500 m. The greatest degree of pulmonary vasoconstriction was observed in vessels with a diameter between 200 and 300 m. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of SR for visualizing pulmonary vessels in a closed-chest rat model and for assessing dynamic changes associated with HPV. More importantly, these observations implicate SR as an effective tool in future research for assessing gross structural changes associated with the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. pulmonary microvessels; hypoxia; intact chest STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL changes of the pulmonary circulation, particularly during the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), remain to be fully elucidated. Specifically, the small peripheral pulmonary arteries (Ͻ500 m) are believed to be most susceptible to structural changes during, for example, chronic exposure to hypoxia (1,6,7,15,19,32).To date, most small-animal studies that have described the anatomic geometry of the pulmonary circulation have been limited to the use of in vitro or ex vivo preparations. While such data have aided our understanding concerning the pulmonary microcirculation, such invasive procedures ultimately disrupt the natural physiological milieu of the lung. Ideally, a technique of visualizing the pulmonary circulation within a closed-chest model, i.e., under intact neurohumoral regulation, is required to fully understand the structural and functional properties of the microcirculation in the normal lung as well as understand the dynamic changes that occur in pathologic...

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“…Monochromatic parallel X-ray beams [1] [2] are produced using a synchrotron and silicon single crystals and have been applied to perform enhanced iodine (I) K-edge angiography. Using this imaging, fine coronary arteries below 100 microns in diameter can be observed at high contrasts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Energy X-Ray Computed Tomography Scanner Using Two Different Energy-Selection Electronics and a Lutetium-Oxyorthosilicate Photomultiplier Detector

Hagiwara¹,

Satô²,

Oda³

et al. 2017

IJMPCERO

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To obtain two kinds of tomograms at two different X-ray energy ranges simultaneously, we have constructed a dual-energy X-ray photon counter with a lutetium-oxyorthosilicate photomultiplier detector system, three comparators, two microcomputers, and two frequency-voltage converters. X-ray photons are detected using the detector system, and the event pulses are input to three comparators simultaneously to determine threshold energies. At a tube voltage of 100 kV, the three threshold energies are 16, 35 and 52 keV, and two energy ranges are 16 -35 and 52 -100 keV. X-ray photons in the two ranges are counted using microcomputers, and the logical pulses from the two microcomputers are input to two frequency-voltage converters. In dual-energy computed tomography (CT), the tube voltage and current were 100 kV and 0.29 mA, respectively. Two tomograms were obtained simultaneously at two energy ranges. The energy ranges for gadolinium-L-edge and K-edge CT were 16 -35 and 52 -100 keV, respectively. The maximum count rate of dual-energy CT was 105 kilocounts per second with energies ranging from 16 to 100 keV, and the exposure time for tomography was 19.6 min.

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Small-vessel radiography in situ with monochromatic synchrotron radiation.

Abstract: The synchrotron radiation system may be useful for evaluating microcirculatory disorders and early-stage malignant tumors in various human organs.

Cited by 133 publications

References 0 publications

Inhomogeneous Vasodilatory Responses of Rat Tail Arteries to Heat Stress: Evaluation by Synchrotron Radiation Microangiography.

Inhomogeneous Vasodilatory Responses of Rat Tail Arteries to Heat Stress: Evaluation by Synchrotron Radiation Microangiography.

Imaging of the pulmonary circulation in the closed-chest rat using synchrotron radiation microangiography

Dual-Energy X-Ray Computed Tomography Scanner Using Two Different Energy-Selection Electronics and a Lutetium-Oxyorthosilicate Photomultiplier Detector

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