2010
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201000418
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Small Upconverting Fluorescent Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Abstract: Fluorescent labels have been widely used for biological applications, primarily in imaging and assays. Traditional fluorophores such as fluorescent dyes are mainly based on downconversion fluorescence, which have several drawbacks such as photobleaching, high background noise from autofluorescence, and considerable photodamage to biological materials. Upconverting fluorescent nanoparticles emit detectable photons of higher energy in the near-infrared (NIR) or visible range upon irradiation with an NIR light in… Show more

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Cited by 514 publications
(348 citation statements)
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“…See DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50676b a Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC-US, Americo Vespucio 49, 41092, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain. E-mail: nurianu@icmse.csic.es b molecules of biological interest is an important issue since they provide anchors for adding functional ligands such as antibodies and drugs 16 and affect the colloidal stability of nanoparticles suspensions as recently demonstrated for YVO 4 : Eu nanoparticles, 17 which are isostructural to those herein studied. However, among the above-mentioned reports dealing with Ln:GdVO 4 nanoparticles, only that by Kang et al was conducted using poly(acrylic) acid functionalized GdVO 4 spheres, which were above the nanometric size range (180 nm) and showed a rather irregular shape and a certain degree of aggregation.…”
Section: Nanocrystals)mentioning
confidence: 79%
“…See DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50676b a Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC-US, Americo Vespucio 49, 41092, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain. E-mail: nurianu@icmse.csic.es b molecules of biological interest is an important issue since they provide anchors for adding functional ligands such as antibodies and drugs 16 and affect the colloidal stability of nanoparticles suspensions as recently demonstrated for YVO 4 : Eu nanoparticles, 17 which are isostructural to those herein studied. However, among the above-mentioned reports dealing with Ln:GdVO 4 nanoparticles, only that by Kang et al was conducted using poly(acrylic) acid functionalized GdVO 4 spheres, which were above the nanometric size range (180 nm) and showed a rather irregular shape and a certain degree of aggregation.…”
Section: Nanocrystals)mentioning
confidence: 79%
“…Thus, doping Ln 3+ cations into a sodium yttrium fluoride matrix NaYF 4 , especially one in the β-phase, leads to strong emissions from the f-f states of these ions owing to the longer lifetimes under such circumstances. These properties are especially well suited for the NIR to UV/visible upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) [69][70][71][72] that will be discussed in this section.…”
Section: Uncaging Using Upconversion Nanoparticles (A) Introduction Tmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…37,38 Manipulation of IR radiation using UCNPs has been found to be of much interest because the UV-VIS output can be used to promote several chemical processes or to develop a number of applications in the fields of lighting and displays, energy, photocatalysis, sensing, bioanalytics and theranostics. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Up to our knowledge, only two reports concerning the inclusion of UCNPs in self-assembled organogels are available in the literature.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%