Small State Diplomacy after the Corona Crisis

Pedi, Revecca; Wivel, Anders

doi:10.1163/1871191x-bja10044

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…With great power relations in crisis and stronger states focused on their own national interests, small managed to network on knowledge sharing and best practices, while simultaneously using this to boost their own international status. 13 Finally, small states should aim to relaunch the United Nations as the central arena for debates on international society and an important platform for action. For the small states in the West, this requires humility and willingness to scale down some of the more ambitious initiatives from the past decades to remake the UN as a the organization, it was originally intended to be: a forum for voice and negotiation among sovereign states.…”

Section: What Should Small States Do?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small States and the War in Ukraine

Wivel¹

2023

TPQ

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The War in Ukraine signals a return to the sphere of influence politics and great powers’ use of military instruments against their weaker neighbors. The consequences for small states are negative. Although some small states will find new opportunities for hedging and brinkmanship, most small states will see their chances of shaping international agendas reduced as they increasingly focus on defensive aims. To meet these challenges small states must work together to promote their shared interests: 1) A modus vivendi between the great power, which minimizes the risk of great power war as well as the annexation and invasion of smaller states, 2) a rule-based international order; 3) a relaunch the United Nations as the central arena for debates on international society among sovereign states.

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Section: What Should Small States Do?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small States and the War in Ukraine

Wivel¹

2023

TPQ

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“…В случае многосторонней дипломатии, которая формально и повышает статус участников на международной арене, и усиливает чувство сопричастности к глобальному управлению, фактически позиция малых стран может «затеряться» на фоне влиятельных великих держав. При этом многосторонняя дипломатия и международные организации могут выступать своего рода «убежищем», гарантом безопасности малых государств (Pedi and Wivel 2020).…”

Section: двусторонняя и многосторонняя дипломатия малых государствunclassified

The Diplomacy of Small States: Exploring Opportunities and Limitations in the Case of Timor-Leste

Krasnyak,

Shaternikov

2023

Vestnik MGIMO-universiteta

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This article examines the diplomacy of small states, focusing on the case of TimorLeste. It analyzes the foreign policy strategies of small states, which encompass bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, engagement in international organizations and global governance, and the utilization of public diplomacy. These diplomatic tools enable small states to pursue their foreign policy objectives despite their limited resources, while also fostering cooperative relationships with larger powers. Diplomacy is regarded as a universal mechanism through which small states like Timor-Leste can integrate into the global international relations system.Given the inherent limitations of small states in contesting with major and middle powers, they seek to enhance their international influence through collective actions, such as forming or joining coalitions in international organizations or intergovernmental forums. Additionally, small states employ public diplomacy to draw attention to their issues and needs, thereby reducing their reliance on greater powers and forging more advantageous collaborations with other states. Strategies such as imitation and balancing, participation in coalitions, promotion of international initiatives, provision of expertise, and adherence to the principles of international law are utilized to cultivate a positive image of small states as responsible actors in international relations and reliable partners.The article concludes that Timor-Leste has been successful in maintaining bilateral and multilateral relations and actively participating in international organizations. However, it faces systemic challenges in effectively employing public diplomacy mechanisms. These challenges can be attributed to underdeveloped national public institutions and the enduring influence of greater powers, which affect not only Timor-Leste but also the wider region.

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“…Oleh karenanya, tak jarang diplomasi negara kecil dan menengah lebih bersifat reaktif dalam rangka membantu komunikasi untuk menghadapi krisis (Wivel et al, 2014). Konsekuensinya, kondisi krisis seperti pandemi covid-19 kemudian dianggap mampu menciptakan kesempatan bagi negara-negara kecil dan menengah untuk lebih aktif dan melakukan kolaborasi dalam penyelesaian krisis (Pedi et al, 2020). Pedi dan Wivel (2020) selanjutnya mengungkapkan bahwa dalam kondisi pandemi covid-19, negara-negara kecil dan menengah dapat menjalankan strategi 'smart' dan 'entrepreneurial' terutama untuk mengisi kekosongan yang ditinggalkan oleh negara-negara maju.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Diplomasi Middle-Power Indonesia di Masa Pandemi

Triwibowo¹,

Martha²

2021

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Middle countries are considered to be more vulnerable in crisis management because of their marginal position in the international politics. In the pandemic, middle power diplomacy is expected to fill the void left by developed countries so that they focus on multilateral efforts. This paper argues that Indonesia exercised middle power diplomacy in 2020. This diplomacy is carried out with a commitment to encourage global cooperation in resolving the pandemic through multilateral efforts. The multilateral initiatives are carried out as part of ‘good international citizenship’, and also serves as the mechanism to voice Indonesian aspirations, aspirations related to humanity, efforts to create global norms, and efforts to reach international treaties. This paper is a qualitative research, which is based on a literature study in the form of an official statement from the Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and is supported by secondary sources.

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Small State Diplomacy after the Corona Crisis

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Small States and the War in Ukraine

Small States and the War in Ukraine

The Diplomacy of Small States: Exploring Opportunities and Limitations in the Case of Timor-Leste

Diplomasi Middle-Power Indonesia di Masa Pandemi

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