Small-sized sealed lead/acid batteries

Factors Influencing Oxygen Recombination at the Negative Plate in Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries

“…Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries ͑VRLA͒ are becoming increasingly popular due to their maintenance-free operation in any orientation, high power density, no acid spillage, and minimal water loss. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The oxygen evolved in lead-acid batteries can be removed either by the reaction with H 2 to form water, in the presence of catalytic plugs or by the oxygen cycle. 7 In the oxygen cycle, oxygen generated during charge and overcharge at the positive plate (PbO 2 ) can transport from the positive plate to the surface of the negative plate through the absorptive glass mat ͑AGM͒ separator 8 or through cracks in gelled electrolyte.…”