Small-size silicon-oxynitride AWG demultiplexer operating around 725 nm

Schauwecker, B.; Przyrembel, G.; Kuhlow, B.; Radehaus, C.

doi:10.1109/68.896335

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In order to take advantage of these properties on macroscopic scale and create multifunctional materials, inorganic particles must be incorporated into organic matrix. Polymer nanocomposites represent one of the classes of inorganic-organic composite materials in which * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magneto-Responsive Organogels Prepared Through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization on Iron Nanoparticles

Czaun¹,

Hevesi²,

Takafuji³

et al. 2009

J. Nanosci. Nanotech.

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Iron nanoparticles (Fe(np)) with average diameter 50 nm have been synthesized by addition of NaBH4 to FeCl3 solution then radical initiator, (11-(2-bromo-2-methyl)propionyloxy)undecyltrichlorosilane (1) has been immobilized on to Fe(np). Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) of different monomers such as styrene, methyl methacrylate, methacrylonitrile and N-vinylimidazol have been carried out from initiator-grafted Fe(np) and the amount of grafted polymers was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Immobilization of PMMA has been monitored by TGA of samples taken from the reaction mixture after 4, 9 and 21 hours. Activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP of methyl methacrylate and styrene were conducted from initiator-grafted Fe(np) in the presence of phenol and Na-phenoxide respectively and the yields of immobilized polymers were found lower than those we observed in the case of conventional ATRP. The concentration of Fe(np) (c(m)) in the reaction mixture was found to influence significantly the appearance of products; at higher c(m) values SI-ATRP of styrene resulted in the formation of magneto-responsive gels. Transmission electron microscope investigation of bare Fe(np) and magnetic gel revealed that the particles are well-dispersed in the gel while non-grafted Fe(np) form aggregates. XRD measurements were used to determine the composition of magnetic nanoparticles. It was found that the crystalline phase of Fe(np) is mostly reduced iron and the fraction of iron-oxide (hydroxide) species is below the detection limit of XRD. Immobilized polymers have been degrafted by digestion of Fe(np) in HCl and trifluoroacetic acid and the residual polymeric material were identified by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. A plausible mechanism for the formation of magnetic gel was given in which polymer network is built up through interparticle termination reactions and Fe(np) act as functional cross-linkers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magneto-Responsive Organogels Prepared Through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization on Iron Nanoparticles

Czaun¹,

Hevesi²,

Takafuji³

et al. 2009

J. Nanosci. Nanotech.

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“…Some of these systems have been successfully used to perform absorbance-based measurements. 11,[24][25][26] However, the implementation of on chip microspectrometers for fluorescence based analysis is in its very early stages, as seen by the small number of publications. 21 Here, we report the development, for the first time, of a monolithic integrated arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) microspectrometer microfluidic platform capable of fluorescence spectroscopic analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated microspectrometer for fluorescence based analysis in a microfluidic format

Glidle

Ironside

et al. 2012

Lab Chip

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We have demonstrated a monolithic integrated arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) microspectrometer microfluidic platform capable of fluorescence spectroscopic analysis. The microspectrometer in this proof of concept study has a small (1 cm × 1 cm) footprint and 8 output channels centred on different wavelengths. We show that the signals from the output channels detected on a camera chip can be used to recreate the complete fluorescence spectrum of an analyte. By making fluorescence measurements of (i) mixed quantum dot solutions, (ii) an organic fluorophore (Cy5) and (iii) the propidium iodide (PI)-DNA assay, we illustrate the unique advantages of the AWG platform for simultaneous, quantitative multiplex detection and its capability to detect small spectroscopic shifts. Although the current system is designed for fluorescence spectroscopic analysis, in principle, it can be implemented for other types of analysis, such as Raman spectroscopy. Fabricated using established semiconductor industry methods, this miniaturised platform holds great potential to create a handheld, low cost biosensor with versatile detection capability.

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“…However, low refractive index contrast silica waveguide circuits require a large bend radius, usually ranging from millimeters to one centimeter [1]. The ability to shrink large-sized waveguide circuits to a smaller size while maintaining low bend-loss would overcome the major obstacle currently facing silica technology [2]. However, high refractive index contrast waveguide circuits have large coupling losses with single mode fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact silica arrayed-waveguide grating with small bend radius utilizing trenches filled with low-refractive index material

Ito

Fan

Suzuki

et al. 2006

IEICE Electron. Express

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Abstract:We present details of a local high-index contrast silica waveguide that uses trenches filled with a low-refractive index material enabling bends with small radius to be used. The lateral relative refractive index difference was 8.34% and the minimum bend radius was 300 µm. An 8-channel, 100 GHz spacing compact arrayed-waveguide grating using waveguides with small bend radius was successfully fabricated.

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Small-size silicon-oxynitride AWG demultiplexer operating around 725 nm

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Magneto-Responsive Organogels Prepared Through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization on Iron Nanoparticles

Magneto-Responsive Organogels Prepared Through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization on Iron Nanoparticles

Integrated microspectrometer for fluorescence based analysis in a microfluidic format

Compact silica arrayed-waveguide grating with small bend radius utilizing trenches filled with low-refractive index material

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