Small-signal stability analysis of DC microgrids considering electric vehicles

Garcés-Ruiz, Alejandro

doi:10.17533/udea.redin.n89a07

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, incorporating these elements into the common DC bus makes voltage control complex and power-sharing algorithms are necessary [17] [18]. AC/DC Hybrid Microgrids (HMGs) appear as a typology of great interest since they combine the main advantages of AC and DC MGs [16][19] [20], with a high degree of reliability, flexibility, and economy [21]. This MG allows combining AC and DC networks in the same distribution network through Interlinking Converters (ICs), which helps the integration of DER, ESSs, AC/DC loads, and V2G with minimal DS modifications, reducing the overall cost [22] [16].…”

Section: A Motivation and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Posada,

Unsihuay-Vila

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Microgrids are considered an adequate alternative to overcome the challenges involving integrating distributed energy resources in distribution systems to contribute to the 'Three D' trend in the electricity sector, i.e., decentralize, decarbonize, and digitize electricity. This paper reviews the most relevant works to establish a baseline for the advancement and development of smart transformer-based meshed hybrid microgrids and energy management systems. First, the structure of the solid-state transformers as smart transformers and their potential application as an energy router in a microgrid is discussed. Then, the principle of conformation of meshed hybrid microgrids based on a smart transformer and the topologies reported in the literature are reviewed. Finally, power management systems integrated into smart transformers-based meshed hybrid microgrids are studied. According to the findings and conclusions, it is considered that smart transformers-based meshed hybrid microgrids operated by an optimal energy management system under uncertainty are a potentially feasible technological alternative for the adequate penetration of distributed energy resources into local distribution systems.

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Section: A Motivation and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Posada,

Unsihuay-Vila

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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“…Power electronic converters are key elements in the modern electrical grid, they are immerse from applications of High Voltage Direct Current applications (HVDC) [1] to Low Voltage Direct Current (LVDC) [2], [3] applications. Moreover, the penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) into the grids make a strongly dependence of this devices [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis and Small-Signal Stability of Grid Following Converters

Sepúlveda-García

Garcés

2022

TecnoL.

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This article presents a small-signal study, based on a sensitivity analysis, of a voltage source converter (VSC) operating as a grid-following device. This type of operation is standard for integrating distributed energy resources directly into a primary grid without considering the control over specific variables (e.g., voltage and frequency), thus maximizing the amount of injected active power. The present study adopted the classical vector-oriented control based on the linearization method of the averaged model; hence, this analysis is limited to linear controls. The main objective of this study is to evaluate how each controller parameter influences the system’s stability. To conduct the sensitivity analysis, an averaged model in the dq reference frame of the VSC was employed to describe the system dynamics in the equivalent state-space model. Afterward, the stability was analyzed through a sensitivity analysis of the eigenvalues of the corresponding state matrix. The numerical results demonstrate that the main problems for the stability of VSCs operating as grid-following converters are threefold: a high value of the filter inductance, a non-ideal impedance that appears depending on the connection point, and poor coordination of the parameters of the Kp controllers. These results are compared to a simple bifurcation analysis of the state matrix, which consists of a diagram that describes the variation in eigenvalues when a parameter changes, thus proving their validity.

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“…Microgrids can operate in DC, AC, and hybridized systems [13]. Both hybrid systems, as well as MG-DC, are gaining increasing interest in terms of efficiency and usability, offering advantages such as a) reduced losses and a higher efficiency due to the absence of reactive power and the reduction in rectifiers, b) direct current input, which is currently used by modern devices, c) no power factor losses, d) optimal control, or in other words, no reactive power or frequency controls are required, and e) high reliability due to its ability to operate remotely [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Secondary Control for Battery Management in a DC Microgrid

et al. 2022

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This research presents the design and simulation of a distributed secondary control based on a consensus algorithm for the efficient management of an isolated DC microgrid (MG-DC) that secures the distribution of active power according to the capacities of each storage unit, reducing duty cycles and extending its life cycle. The balance of powers is fulfilled through a photovoltaic (PV) generation unit and an energy storage system (ESS) based on batteries. The PV Boost converter has a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller based on the perturb and observe (P & O) method. In contrast, a Buck–Boost converter is integrated into each battery, which is bidirectionally controlled through a local controller and a primary droop control that balances the required power at the loads. It produces a voltage deviation on the DC bus. To compensate for this deviation, a distributed secondary control strategy based on consensus is proposed to restore the voltage while managing the power sharing according to the capacities of each battery. It allows for the improvement of its life cycle, which is shown in the state of charge (SOC) index, thus extending its life cycle. The controllers are evaluated for solar re-source changes, load changes, and different storage capacities.

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Small-signal stability analysis of DC microgrids considering electric vehicles

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Sensitivity Analysis and Small-Signal Stability of Grid Following Converters

Distributed Secondary Control for Battery Management in a DC Microgrid

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