Small-scale field testing of alpha-cypermethrin water-dispersible granules in comparison with the recommended wettable powder formulation for indoor residual spraying against malaria vectors in Benin

Moiroux, Nicolas; Djènontin, Armel; Zogo, Barnabas; Bouraïma, Aziz; Sidick, Ibrahim; Pigeon, Olivier; Pennetier, Cédric

doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3071-6

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Such variation in the residual efficacy of insecticides between wall types may have several causes, such as composition of walls chemicals (that increase the pH, causing rapid breakdown of some insecticides), absorbance rate (higher in soil wall), availability of degrading bacteria and degradation rate of wall surface materials, and temperature and humidity [44–49]. Our findings support the results of several other studies which dealt with the residual efficacy of insecticide-treated surfaces against the vectors of different diseases [45, 46, 50, 51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Assessing the combined effects of household type and insecticide effectiveness for kala-azar vector control using indoor residual spraying: a case study from North Bihar, India

et al. 2019

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Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is the mainstay for vector control intervention of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in India. Little is known on the control effects of IRS on different household types. Here, we assessed if IRS with insecticides has an equal residual and interventional effect on all household types in a village. We also developed a combined spatial-risk map and a sand fly, Phlebotomus argentipes density analytical model based on household characteristics, insecticide susceptibility and IRS-status to explore the spatio-temporal distributions of the vector at a micro-scale level. Methods This study was carried out in two villages of Mahnar block in Vaishali district, Bihar. IRS using two insecticides [dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT 50%) and synthetic pyrethroid (SP 5%)] was evaluated for VL-vector ( P. argentipes ) control. Temporal residual efficacy of the insecticides on different wall-surface types was evaluated using the cone-bioassay technique according to WHO guidelines. Insecticide susceptibility of local P. argentipes was explored using the tube-bioassay method. Pre- and post-IRS sand fly densities were monitored in human dwellings and animal shelters using Centers for Disease Control light-traps installed between 18:00–6:00 h. A best-fit model for sand fly density analysis was developed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Geographical information system based spatial analysis techniques were employed to map the household type distribution of insecticide susceptibility of the vector, and IRS-status of the households to interpret the spatio-temporal distributions of P. argentipes . Results Phlebotomus argentipes was highly susceptible to SP (100%) but showed high resistance to DDT with a 49.1% mortality rate. SP-IRS has been reported as having better community acceptance than DDT-IRS in all household types. Residual efficacies were varied between wall-surfaces; both insecticides failed to achieve the duration of IRS effectiveness recommended by the WHO. Reduction in P. argentipes counts due to SP-IRS was higher than DDT-IRS between household groups (i.e. sprayed and sentinel), in all intervals post-IRS. Combined spatial risk-maps revealed a better control effect of SP-IRS on sand flies than DDT-IRS in all household types risk-zones. The multilevel logistic regression analysis explored five risk-factors that were strongly associated with the density of P. argentipes . Conclusions The results contribute to furthering current understanding of IRS-practices for control of visceral leishmaniasis in endemic Bihar, which may help in future actions for improvements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Assessing the combined effects of household type and insecticide effectiveness for kala-azar vector control using indoor residual spraying: a case study from North Bihar, India

et al. 2019

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“…They hypothesized that a quantity of the insecticide applied on mud surfaces may migrate from the filter papers to the wall, diminishing the insecticide content on classical papers placed on mud surfaces. Consequently, they suggest the use of plasticized papers to address the issue [18]. Here, we did not find any differences in concentration between papers placed on mud or cement surfaces.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…In this study, we have tested two filter papers: classical and plasticized papers. Plasticized papers were tested because Moiroux et al [18] found that the concentration of alpha-cypermethrin on filter paper placed on mud walls was lower than on filter papers placed on cement walls. They hypothesized that a quantity of the insecticide applied on mud surfaces may migrate from the filter papers to the wall, diminishing the insecticide content on classical papers placed on mud surfaces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 filter papers (10 × 10 cm) to the four inner walls of six randomly selected houses (three made of mud walls and three made of concrete walls) per village. On each four inner walls, two types of filter papers (one plasticized and one classical) were fixed to test for a possible migration of the insecticide from the filter papers to the wall as hypothesized by Moiroux et al [18]. Plasticized and classical papers were fixed in areas where spray overlap was unlikely to ensure that the quantity of insecticide was constant.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) of southwest Burkina Faso and residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying with microencapsulated pirimiphos-methyl insecticide

et al. 2021

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Background The rapid spread of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors and the rebound in malaria cases observed recently in some endemic areas underscore the urgent need to evaluate and deploy new effective control interventions. A randomized control trial (RCT) was conducted with the aim to investigate the benefit of deploying complementary strategies, including indoor residual spraying (IRS) with pirimiphos-methyl in addition to long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in Diébougou, southwest Burkina Faso. Methods We measured the susceptibility of the Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) population from Diébougou to conventional insecticides. We further monitored the efficacy and residual activity of pirimiphos-methyl on both cement and mud walls using a laboratory susceptible strain (Kisumu) and the local An. gambiae (s.l.) population. Results An. gambiae (s.l.) from Diébougou was resistant to DDT, pyrethroids (deltamethrin, permethrin and alphacypermethrin) and bendiocarb but showed susceptibility to organophosphates (pirimiphos-methyl and chlorpyrimiphos-methyl). A mixed-effect generalized linear model predicted that pirimiphos-methyl applied on cement or mud walls was effective for 210 days against the laboratory susceptible strain and 247 days against the local population. The residual efficacy of pirimiphos-methyl against the local population on walls made of mud was similar to that of cement (OR = 0.792, [0.55–1.12], Tukey’s test p-value = 0.19). Conclusions If data on malaria transmission and malaria cases (as measured trough the RCT) are consistent with data on residual activity of pirimiphos-methyl regardless of the type of wall, one round of IRS with pirimiphos-methyl would have the potential to control malaria in a context of multi-resistant An. gambiae (s.l.) for at least 7 months.

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“…Previous experimental hut studies also showed significantly reduced mortality with an IRS mixture of chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin compared to chlorfenapyr alone (43% vs 63% [ 14 ] and 18–22% vs 38–46% [ 17 ]) which was also attributed to the irritant effect of the pyrethroid in the mixture. Alternatively, the small difference in performance between Fludora® Fusion and clothianidin-solo IRS in huts could also be due to differences in the types of IRS formulations (WG for clothianidin and WP for Fludora® Fusion) as has been previously reported with some pyrethroid IRS insecticides [ 18 , 19 ]. However, contrary to the chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin mixture, the mortality achieved with Fludora® Fusion was only a few points lower than that of clothianidin alone (70–71% vs 72–78%) and this is less expected to result in operationally significant differences in the impact on clinical malaria when used in IRS campaigns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Efficacy of Fludora® Fusion (a mixture of deltamethrin and clothianidin) for indoor residual spraying against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors: laboratory and experimental hut evaluation

Fongnikin¹,

Houeto²,

Agbevo³

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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Background A new generation of IRS insecticides which can provide improved and prolonged control of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vector populations are being developed. Fludora® Fusion is a new IRS insecticide containing a mixture of deltamethrin and clothianidin, a neonicotinoid. Methods The efficacy of Fludora® Fusion IRS was evaluated over 11–12 months on concrete and mud substrates in laboratory bioassays and experimental huts against wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae (sensu lato) in Cové, Benin. A comparison was made with the two active ingredients of the mixture; clothianidin and deltamethrin, applied alone. CDC bottle bioassays were also performed to investigate resistance to clothianidin in the wild vector population. Results Fludora® Fusion induced > 80% laboratory cone bioassay mortality with both susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae (s.l.) for 7–9 months on concrete block substrates and 12 months on mud block substrates. The vector population at the experimental hut site was fully susceptible to clothianidin in CDC bottle bioassays. Overall mortality rates of wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae (s.l.) entering the experimental huts during the 11-month trial were < 15% with deltamethrin and significantly higher with Fludora® Fusion (69–71%) and clothianidin alone (72–78%). Initial high experimental hut mortality rates with Fludora® Fusion (> 80%) only declined by 50% after 8 months. Monthly in situ wall cone bioassay mortality of susceptible mosquitoes was > 80% for 9–12 months with Fludora® Fusion and clothianidin alone. Fludora® Fusion induced significantly higher levels of early exiting of mosquitoes compared to clothianidin alone (55–60% vs 37–38%, P < 0.05). Conclusions Indoor residual spraying with Fludora® Fusion induced high and prolonged mortality of wild pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors for 7–10 months mostly due to the clothianidin component and substantial early exiting of mosquitoes from treated huts due to the pyrethroid component. Fludora® Fusion is an important addition to the current portfolio of IRS insecticides with the potential to significantly reduce transmission of malaria by pyrethroid-resistant mosquito vectors.

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Small-scale field testing of alpha-cypermethrin water-dispersible granules in comparison with the recommended wettable powder formulation for indoor residual spraying against malaria vectors in Benin

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing the combined effects of household type and insecticide effectiveness for kala-azar vector control using indoor residual spraying: a case study from North Bihar, India

Assessing the combined effects of household type and insecticide effectiveness for kala-azar vector control using indoor residual spraying: a case study from North Bihar, India

Insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) of southwest Burkina Faso and residual efficacy of indoor residual spraying with microencapsulated pirimiphos-methyl insecticide

Efficacy of Fludora® Fusion (a mixture of deltamethrin and clothianidin) for indoor residual spraying against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors: laboratory and experimental hut evaluation

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