Abstract:The jaguar (Panthera onca) is one of the most endangered felids in the world. Its distribution has been reduced by 50% globally, and the species continues to be hunted illegally. We provide data on jaguar abundance, sex ratio, seasonal and daily activity, and site fidelity in La Papalota-a 368-ha natural protected area in Nayarit, western Mexico. La Papalota is located between two areas with high priority for the conservation of the jaguar: Marismas Nacionales Biosphere Reserve and the San Blas-San Juan area. … Show more
“…Currently, both species still have relatively high population sizes in large forest fragments of difficult access, low human presence, and with some degree of protection (e. g., Los Chimalapas and Sierra Norte in Oaxaca, Sierra Madre de Chiapas and Lacandona in Chiapas, Calakmul in Campeche and Sian Ka'an in Quintana Roo ;Naranjo 2009;Chávez-Tovar et al 2016;Botello et al 2017). However, Chávez-Tovar et al (2016) and Luja et al (2017) indicated that jaguars may occur in unprotected or highly fragmented sites with human impact. Also, the two species play important roles in the ecosystem; tapirs are important herbivores and seed dispersers of various plant species (Naranjo 2009), and jaguars are the largest predators in the Neotropics (Chávez-Tovar et al 2005).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering the size of the fragment where station 1 was set (> 10,000 ha, including secondary and old forest). We believe that this fragment can either work as a biological corridor or as a stepping-stone habitat (Luja et al 2017), where jaguars can be established temporarily or even permanently. During our survey we abundantly recorded three main jaguar preys, the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), whitenosed coati (Nasua narica) and the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu; Chávez-Tovar et al 2005).…”
The tapir (Tapirella bairdii) and the jaguar (Panthera onca) are two of the largest Neotropical mammal species suffering population declines caused by habitat loss and degradation and hunting. Tapirs and jaguars are considered endangered and near threatened, respectively, by the IUCN, and in Mexico, both species are listed as endangered and considered species with priority for conservation. These species are usually associated with large and remote areas of preserved forest. To evaluate local diversity of medium and large sized mammals, we placed five camera traps, three in old forest and two in secondary forest (445 trap days) at Ejido Ramos Millán (municipality of Minatitlán), on the northernmost part of the Uxpanapa Valley, in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain, state of Veracruz, Mexico. This region has been highly transformed by human activities, where agricultural and livestock activities have caused the loss of most of its natural forests, resulting in a highly fragmented landscape, dominated by livestock fields, crops and secondary forests. Here we document images of three adult individuals of jaguar and two adult individuals of tapir, one of which was a lactating female, and one adult male tapir. The new records were 23 Km north of the most recent reports located in well preserved primary forests in the Uxpanapa/Chimalapas border area. Our results suggest that the highly fragmented tropical landscapes composed of both old-growth and secondary forests remnants, are able to provide sufficient resources to maintain at least temporarily individuals of jaguars and tapirs.El tapir (Tapirella bairdii) y el jaguar (Panthera onca) son dos de las especies de mamíferos neotropicales más grandes en México, Centro y Sudamérica. A lo largo de su distribución, sufren una disminución poblacional causada por la pérdida y degradación del hábitat y la caza. El tapir y jaguar son considerados en peligro y casi amenazados, respectivamente, por la UICN, y en México, ambas especies están consideradas en peligro de extinción y se consideran especies prioritarias para la conservación. Estas especies generalmente se asocian a grandes y remotas extensiones de bosque preservado. Para evaluar la diversidad local de mamíferos medianos y grandes, colocamos cinco fototrampas, tres en fragmentos de bosque viejo y dos en bosques secundarios (445 días trampa) en el Ejido Ramos Millán (municipio de Minatitlán), en la parte más al norte del valle de Uxpanapa, en la planicie costera del Golfo de México, estado de Veracruz, México. Esta región ha sido altamente modificado por las actividades humanas, en donde las actividades agrícolas y ganaderas han causado la pérdida de la mayoría de los bosques naturales, resultando en un paisaje fragmentado, dominado por pastizales ganaderos, cultivos y bosques secundarios. Aquí documentamos imágenes de tres individuos adultos de jaguar y dos individuos adultos de tapir, uno de los cuales era una hembra lactante y un tapir macho adulto. Los nuevos registros se localizaron 23 Km al norte de los registros más...
“…Currently, both species still have relatively high population sizes in large forest fragments of difficult access, low human presence, and with some degree of protection (e. g., Los Chimalapas and Sierra Norte in Oaxaca, Sierra Madre de Chiapas and Lacandona in Chiapas, Calakmul in Campeche and Sian Ka'an in Quintana Roo ;Naranjo 2009;Chávez-Tovar et al 2016;Botello et al 2017). However, Chávez-Tovar et al (2016) and Luja et al (2017) indicated that jaguars may occur in unprotected or highly fragmented sites with human impact. Also, the two species play important roles in the ecosystem; tapirs are important herbivores and seed dispersers of various plant species (Naranjo 2009), and jaguars are the largest predators in the Neotropics (Chávez-Tovar et al 2005).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering the size of the fragment where station 1 was set (> 10,000 ha, including secondary and old forest). We believe that this fragment can either work as a biological corridor or as a stepping-stone habitat (Luja et al 2017), where jaguars can be established temporarily or even permanently. During our survey we abundantly recorded three main jaguar preys, the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), whitenosed coati (Nasua narica) and the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu; Chávez-Tovar et al 2005).…”
The tapir (Tapirella bairdii) and the jaguar (Panthera onca) are two of the largest Neotropical mammal species suffering population declines caused by habitat loss and degradation and hunting. Tapirs and jaguars are considered endangered and near threatened, respectively, by the IUCN, and in Mexico, both species are listed as endangered and considered species with priority for conservation. These species are usually associated with large and remote areas of preserved forest. To evaluate local diversity of medium and large sized mammals, we placed five camera traps, three in old forest and two in secondary forest (445 trap days) at Ejido Ramos Millán (municipality of Minatitlán), on the northernmost part of the Uxpanapa Valley, in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain, state of Veracruz, Mexico. This region has been highly transformed by human activities, where agricultural and livestock activities have caused the loss of most of its natural forests, resulting in a highly fragmented landscape, dominated by livestock fields, crops and secondary forests. Here we document images of three adult individuals of jaguar and two adult individuals of tapir, one of which was a lactating female, and one adult male tapir. The new records were 23 Km north of the most recent reports located in well preserved primary forests in the Uxpanapa/Chimalapas border area. Our results suggest that the highly fragmented tropical landscapes composed of both old-growth and secondary forests remnants, are able to provide sufficient resources to maintain at least temporarily individuals of jaguars and tapirs.El tapir (Tapirella bairdii) y el jaguar (Panthera onca) son dos de las especies de mamíferos neotropicales más grandes en México, Centro y Sudamérica. A lo largo de su distribución, sufren una disminución poblacional causada por la pérdida y degradación del hábitat y la caza. El tapir y jaguar son considerados en peligro y casi amenazados, respectivamente, por la UICN, y en México, ambas especies están consideradas en peligro de extinción y se consideran especies prioritarias para la conservación. Estas especies generalmente se asocian a grandes y remotas extensiones de bosque preservado. Para evaluar la diversidad local de mamíferos medianos y grandes, colocamos cinco fototrampas, tres en fragmentos de bosque viejo y dos en bosques secundarios (445 días trampa) en el Ejido Ramos Millán (municipio de Minatitlán), en la parte más al norte del valle de Uxpanapa, en la planicie costera del Golfo de México, estado de Veracruz, México. Esta región ha sido altamente modificado por las actividades humanas, en donde las actividades agrícolas y ganaderas han causado la pérdida de la mayoría de los bosques naturales, resultando en un paisaje fragmentado, dominado por pastizales ganaderos, cultivos y bosques secundarios. Aquí documentamos imágenes de tres individuos adultos de jaguar y dos individuos adultos de tapir, uno de los cuales era una hembra lactante y un tapir macho adulto. Los nuevos registros se localizaron 23 Km al norte de los registros más...
“…Because our study integrates across many species with varying body sizes and home ranges, we set a conservative cut-off of 5 km 2 . We do not wish to diminish the importance of small protected areas, and understand they are important as refuges 37 and act as corridors for species with large home ranges 38,39 . In addition, our analyses do not account for the fact that many species have seasonal distributions, requiring them to migrate between different locations using corridors.…”
Crucial to the successful conservation of endangered species is the overlap of their ranges with protected areas. We analyzed protected areas in the continental USA to assess the extent to which they covered the ranges of endangered tetrapods. We show that in 80% of ecoregions, protected areas offer equal (25%) or worse (55%) protection for species than if their locations were chosen at random. Additionally, we demonstrate that it is possible to achieve sufficient protection for 100% of the USA's endangered tetrapods through targeted protection of undeveloped public and private lands. Our results highlight that the USA is likely to fall short of its commitments to halting biodiversity loss unless more considerable investments in both public and private land conservation are made.
“…The climate is warm and humid, with a mean annual temperature of 31.7 °C, and the predominant native vegetation comprises mangroves Avicennia germinans and Conocarpus erectus with patches of deciduous forests. Other land use includes secondary vegetation, farmland and livestock pastures (Luja et al, 2017). Fig.…”
Habitat fragmentation threatens biodiversity worldwide, particularly affecting large-bodied species that require vast territories and move across long distances, including most large felids. The jaguar Panthera onca has lost more than half of its habitat throughout its range and its subpopulations are becoming isolated, making them susceptible to local extinction. Knowledge about the status of its subpopulations in highly fragmented environments is lacking but urgently needed. Using camera traps during 2019–2020, we estimated number of individuals, age classes and sex ratio, occupancy, relative abundance and density of jaguars in Nayarit, western Mexico. We also determined the relative abundance of potential prey and estimated the land-cover change rate during 1999–2019, using GIS. We found that a resident subpopulation of five adult females, two adult males and one cub, at a high density (5.3 individuals/100 km2), is supported by at least 14 wild prey species. Natural habitat in the area is rapidly decreasing because of expanding agriculture and shrimp farming: agricultural areas increased from 39 to 50% and mangroves decreased from 35 to 26% of the study area over 20 years. The high jaguar population density and the diversity and relative abundance of remaining wild prey are remarkable, considering that natural habitat in the area is highly fragmented, shrinking rapidly and embedded in a matrix of human-dominated land-cover types. Effective conservation actions are needed urgently, including the protection of patches with native vegetation, reforestation to maintain connectivity between these patches, and the involvement of local communities.
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