Small pixel CZT detector for hard X-ray spectroscopy

Wilson, Matthew D.; Cernik, Robert J.; Chen, Henry; Hansson, Conny; Iniewski, Krzysztof; Jones, Laurence; Seller, P.; Veale, Matthew C.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.01.144

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The material has a very high mass number (A), creating a very good counting efficiency -as the likelihood of interaction between the material with incident radiation is increased relative to other materials (e.g. air, water, and lead illustrated for comparison ( Figure 3)) and NaI/CsI scintillators (Luke Wilson et al 2011;Zhang et al 2013). A further advantage of CZT is that the material can be manufactured into different shapes, for example co-planar grids and small pixel detectors to optimize for differing applications.…”

Section: Detector Systems In Uav Radiometric Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further advantage of CZT is that the material can be manufactured into different shapes, for example co-planar grids and small pixel detectors to optimize for differing applications. This therefore improves detection characteristics (Table 2) (Luke et al 2001;Luke 1995;Wilson et al 2011), however the co-planar grid variation produces the best energy resolution of any of the detectors previously discussed (<2.5% at 662 keV) (Chen et al 2008;Martin et al 2015;Sellin 2003;Zhang et al 2013), allowing for the production of the most resolved energy spectrum and hence the most confident identification of individual radionuclides (although Table 2 indicates that this could still be improved upon). Despite this high resolution, problems with the uniformity of the crystal structure, such as random grain boundaries, have limited its effectiveness by causing charge trapping -reducing the counting efficiency in certain applications and limiting the volume of the detectors to small sizes, i.e.…”

Section: Detector Systems In Uav Radiometric Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 cm 3 (Luke et al 2001;Zhang et al 2013). However, recent work into new methods of crystal manufacture through the travelling heater method (THM) process (Chen et al 2008;Wilson et al 2011) has yielded promising results to improve crystal uniformity and, therefore, allow for the volume of detectors to increase. Conceptually ultra-dense semi-conductor materials such as diamond and uranium dioxide (UO 2 ) could be considered and adapted for UAV applications, and are currently being developed.…”

Section: Detector Systems In Uav Radiometric Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Airborne radiation mapping: overview and application of current and future aerial systems

Connor

Martin

Scott

2016

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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Nuclear power and associated activities are never far from scrutiny, the apparent advantages of the technology are juxtaposed by the risk of incidents perceived as being catastrophic. If a major nuclear incident was to occur, an important aspect of the response management to any radionuclide release would be the need to rapidly establish the spatial distributions and quantities of these released radionuclides, their type in addition to their corresponding activity. The data received from surveys would directly inform evacuation plans, on-site incident management strategies as well as protecting both workforce and public from harm. The disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in 2011 is perhaps the best example of the requirement for real time data collection to inform crucial decisions. Previous reviews of the event have observed that because the static on-site radiation detector network was destroyed by the 15 m high tsunami (following the magnitude 9.0 Great Tōhoku earthquake), it was not possible to immediately determine the radionuclide activity in the area and the danger presented to the responding workforce. Such preceding works have retrospectively highlighted the usefulness of unmanned aerial systems in providing real-time data within nuclear and non-nuclear settings. The establishment of an arbitrary 20 km exclusion zone surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi plant, with the displacement of over 150,000 people, has been viewed by many as an over-reaction -with many not having been required to be evacuated. This review examines and evaluates the previous as well as current work on aerial radiation monitoring and the future improvement that might be delivered by a combined three-dimensional (3D) radiation mapping platform. Combining detailed 3D topographical mapping with radiation surveying has powerful implications for the way that radiological contamination across a site might be measured and displayed in the future, both following radiological release events and in routine site monitoring. • Comprehensive review of airborne radiation mapping.• Exploration of potential future systems.• Comparison of the multiple flight, mapping, and detection systems.• Application of devices to a range of scenarios.

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Section: Detector Systems In Uav Radiometric Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detector Systems In Uav Radiometric Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detector Systems In Uav Radiometric Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Airborne radiation mapping: overview and application of current and future aerial systems

Connor

Martin

Scott

2016

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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“…We report the development of laboratory based material-specific X-ray imaging system using a recently developed hyper-spectral X-ray sensitive camera (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) . The camera coupled to CdTe detector slab allows the recording of photons in the energy range 5-250 keV with an energy resolution of 1%.…”

Section: Abstract: Cu(ii) Complex; Paddle-wheel ; Molecular Magnetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral X-ray imaging using scattered radiation

Cernik¹,

Egan²,

Jacques³

2012

Acta Cryst Sect A

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“…ASICs [7][8][9]. These detectors have been demonstrated in the fields of medical imaging [10][11][12], homeland security [13,14] and materials science [15,16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%