Small peptide (P‐15) bone substitute efficacy in a rabbit cancellous bone model

Abstract

P-15 is a synthetic 15-amino acid residue identical to the cell binding domain of type I collagen. P-15 can be adsorbed onto anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABM) and will enhance cell attachment and subsequent cell activation. Although ABM/P-15 has been studied as a bone graft substitute in the oral cavity, its use in orthopedic models has been limited. Thus, this study investigated the efficacy of ABM/P-15 treatment in a rabbit model of long bone cancellous healing. Defects were created in the distal femurs and proximal medial tibiae of rabbits and were filled with either ABMP/P-15 suspended in hydrogel, ABM alone suspended in hydrogel, hydrogel carrier alone, or no graft material. Rabbits were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, or 8 weeks postsurgery, and the femurs and tibiae were harvested. Histomorphometric analyses indicated that defects treated with ABM/P-15 had significantly larger areas of new bone formation than the other three treatments at 2 and 8 weeks postsurgery. ABM/P-15 treated defects also had significantly more bone growth than defects left empty or filled with ABM alone at 4 weeks postsurgery. Furthermore, histological examination did not reveal acute inflammatory infiltrate cells in any of the treatment conditions. These results are consistent with the findings of ABM/P-15 use in human oral-maxillofacial studies and in large animal spine fusion models.

Biological agents and cell therapies in periodontal regeneration

“…Consistent with the in vitro observation, ABM/P‐15 has been shown to promote early bone formation in a porcine skull model . More recently, ABM/P‐15 has been tested in extracranial orthopedic models, including cancellous long bone healing in rabbits and lumbar fusion . These studies support the effectiveness of ABM/P‐15 in promoting bone formation to the level of gold‐standard, autologous bone.…”

Covalent attachment of P15 peptide to titanium surfaces enhances cell attachment, spreading, and osteogenic gene expression

“…While a number of earlier studies have highlighted the role of P15 to enhance bone formation, relatively few have focused on how it might be utilized to increase implant integration. 10,11,14,26,28,29 Previous studies by Bhatnagar et al, 11 demonstrated enhanced binding of cells to P15-coupled polyglycolate (PGA) fibers and mesh, compared to the PGA alone. Kubler et al, 30 demonstrated cells plated on P15/ABM formed multilayered sheets that clustered around the hydroxyapatite particles in contrast to cells plated on the other substrates which formed only monolayer sheets on the graft particles.…”

Preparation and characterization of gold nanoparticles capped by peptide–biphenyl hybrids

“…Additionally, peptides have been used as practical catalysts in organic synthesis [29] as well as hosts for molecular recognition [30]. More recent researches have been focused on the applications of peptides to the preparation of compounds with technological properties [31], including biomaterials [32], hydrogelators [33], liquid crystals [34], biosensors [35], magnetic materials [36], photoluminescence materials [37], electronic devices [38], and mesoporous materials [39], among others.…”