Small mammals of the Bitterroot National Forest: A literature review and annotated bibliography

Pearson, Dean E.

doi:10.2737/rmrs-gtr-25

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 173 publications

(412 reference statements)

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“…Wherever they have been studied, hare densities are positively correlated with densities of small-diameter woody stems (Brock 1975, Pearson 1999. Density appears to be more important than composition largely because hares consume a wide variety of plant species (Chapter 7).…”

Section: Patterns Of Snowshoe Hare and Red Squirrel Abundancementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States

Ruggiero¹,

Aubry²,

Buskirk³

et al. 1999

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Once found throughout the Rocky Mountains and forests of the northern states, the lynx now hides in pockets of its former range while feeding mostly on small animals like snowshoe hares. A team of government and university scientists review the newest scientific knowledge of this unique cat's history, distribution, and ecology. The chapters on this web site provide information for current scientific and public debates regarding the fate of the lynx in the United States. Chapters look at the relationships among lynx, its habitat, and its prey. The attributes of northern versus southern lynx populations are compared and contrasted. The authors caution against making decisions without enough knowledge and show where we lack information. While the authors present the latest preliminary research results on lynx and offer some qualified insights into lynx management, the book's intent is to assess the current state of knowledge regarding lynx.Hard copies of the report will be available in late 1999 from the University Press of Colorado,

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Section: Patterns Of Snowshoe Hare and Red Squirrel Abundancementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States

Ruggiero¹,

Aubry²,

Buskirk³

et al. 1999

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“…For instance, in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, southern redbacked voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) prefer mature and lateseral forests to recent clearcuts and young forests (Ramirez and Hornocker 1981;Halvorson 1982;Scrivner and Smith 1984;Medin 1986;Hayward and Hayward 1995). This research has not only proved to be repeatable, but the outcome, that clear-cutting reduces densities of red-backed voles, has repeatedly proved to be true (for a review see Pearson 1999). Given the high level of correlation reported when counts and estimators are compared (e.g., Nupp and Swihart 1996;Waters and Zabel 1998;Slade and Blair 2000), it is unlikely that many of the understandings derived from the current index-based mammal literature would change greatly if estimators had been used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Clearly, the least error will be associated with using the data directly, therefore the decision as to whether to convert the data is based on the reliability of the equations and the importance of the conversion. If one is studying small mammals, then down wood mass or volume is simply an index of some unknown attributes of down wood that the organisms are using (Pearson 1999). Arguably, the conversion does not improve understanding and adds unknown error and bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Population estimation with sparse data: the role of estimators versus indices revisited

McKelvey¹,

Pearson²

2001

Can. J. Zool.

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The use of indices to evaluate small-mammal populations has been heavily criticized, yet a review of smallmammal studies published from 1996 through 2000 indicated that indices are still the primary methods employed for measuring populations. The literature review also found that 98% of the samples collected in these studies were too small for reliable selection among population-estimation models. Researchers therefore generally have a choice between using a default estimator or an index, a choice for which the consequences have not been critically evaluated. We examined the use of a closed-population enumeration index, the number of unique individuals captured (M t+1 ), and 3 population estimators for estimating simulated small populations (N = 50) under variable effects of time, trap-induced behavior, individual heterogeneity in trapping probabilities, and detection probabilities. Simulation results indicated that the estimators produced population estimates with low bias and high precision when the estimator reflected the underlying sources of variation in capture probability. However, when the underlying sources of variation deviated from model assumptions, bias was often high and results were inconsistent. In our simulations, M t+1 generally exhibited lower variance and less sensitivity to the sources of variation in capture probabilities than the estimators. Résumé: L'utilisation d'indices pour évaluer les populations de petits mammifères est très critiquée et pourtant les études publiées entre 1996 et 2000 sur les petits mammifères démontrent que l'utilisation d'indices est toujours la mé-thode la plus courante d'évaluation des populations. Dans la littérature, 98 % des échantillons recueillis pour les études étaient trop petits pour permettre le choix judicieux d'un modèle d'estimation de population. Les chercheurs se retrouvent donc devant un choix à faire entre une méthode par défaut ou un indice, choix dont les conséquences n'ont pas été évaluées de façon formelle. Nous avons examiné les résultats de l'utilisation d'un indice de dénombrement d'une population fermée, du nombre d'individus particuliers capturés (M t+1 ), et de 3 estimateurs de population pour estimer de petites populations simulées (N = 50) soumises à des effets divers du temps, du comportement relié au piégeage, de l'hétérogénéité dans la probabilité de capture des individus et des probabilités de détection. Les résultats de cette simulation ont démontré que les estimateurs donnent des évaluations qui comportent peu d'erreur et qui sont d'une grande précision lorsque l'estimateur utilisé reflète les sources de variation sous-jacentes des probabilités de capture. Cependant, lorsque les sources de variation sous-jacentes s'éloignent des présuppositions du modèle, les chances d'erreur sont souvent élevées et les résultats sont changeants. Dans nos simulations, M t+1 a généralement une faible variance et manifeste moins de sensibilité aux sources de variation des probabilités de capture que les autres estimateurs. [Traduit par la Rédaction]...

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“…The deer mouse is a nocturnal species, occupying a home range of about 500-590 m 2 (Wolff, 1985). Being a generalist, the deer mouse is associated with a number of different habitat types, but most specifically with recently disturbed forests (Pearson, 1999;Pearce & Venier, 2005;Zwolak, 2009). Deer mice are omnivorous, mainly eating seeds, fruits, leaves, mushrooms, arthropods, and snails when available (Desrosiers, Morin & Jutras, 2002).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%