Small Intestinal Function in the Rat After Massive Resections

Reynell, P. C.; Spray, G. H.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(19)35847-0

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, previous observations regarding the contribution of different segments to the enterogastric brake are controversial. It was shown previously in rats that gastric emptying of liquids was found to be normal after jejunal resection, but fast or slow after ileal resection 28,29 . Gastric emptying of liquids and solids is normal in short bowel patients with a colon, whereas it is faster in those patients without a colon 2,9,28,29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Enterogastric Brake In Rats With Segmental Bowel Resection: Role Of Capsaicin-Sensitive Nerves

Topcu

Gülpınar

Isman

et al. 2002

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol

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1. Unabsorbed nutrients in the distal gut inhibit upper gastrointestinal motility. 2. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in gastric motility following segmental resections and to evaluate the role of capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons that may be responsible for these changes. 3. Wistar albino rats of both sexes (200-250 g) were used. Under aseptic conditions and anaesthesia (100 mg/kg ketamine), a baby-feeding tube was placed distal to the resection in either the ileum or caecum for intraluminal perfusion of saline or 20 lipid. In one group of rats, capsaicin was perfused (0.6) for afferent denervation. One group of rats underwent jejunal and ileal resections with end-to-end anastomosis of the remaining segments and were cannulated distal to these anastomosis. Ten days after the surgery, the percentage gastric emptying of a solid meal was calculated. 4. Intra-ileal (18) and intracaecal (34) lipid perfusions delayed gastric emptying compared with groups perfused with saline (54 and 74, respectively; P< 0.001 and P< 0.01). The delay in gastric emptying by ileal perfusion was significantly greater than that following caecal perfusion (P< 0.05). With both resections, gastric emptying was delayed compared with sham groups (P< 0.05-0.01). Local administration of capsaicin abolished the inhibitory effect of lipid on gastric emptying in healthy intact rats and in the jejunal-resection group, whereas a partial reversal was seen in the ileal-resection group. 5. In conclusion, the present data demonstrate that in both healthy intact rat groups and in short bowel groups, capsaicin-sensitive extrinsic neurons participate in brake mechanisms of the distal gut.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Enterogastric Brake In Rats With Segmental Bowel Resection: Role Of Capsaicin-Sensitive Nerves

Topcu

Gülpınar

Isman

et al. 2002

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol

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“…Although the 50% emptying of liquid was not significantly different from normal for the patient group as a whole, it was faster than normal in three patients ( Fig 1A). The amount of liquid in the stomach at six hours was significantly increased compared with normal subjects (p<001) and in five patients was more than the normal mean (2SDs) (7,7,8,12, and 3 1%).…”

Section: Problems In Determining Gastric Emptyingmentioning

confidence: 79%

Disturbed gastric emptying in the short bowel syndrome. Evidence for a 'colonic brake'.

Nightingale

Kamm

Sijp

et al. 1993

Gut

112

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Gastric emptying of liquid (orange juice containing technetium-99m ('Tc) labelled antimony sulphide colioid) and solid (570 kcal pancake containing O 5 mm resin microspheres labelled with Indiun-ll ("'-In)) was measured in seven patients with jejunum and no colon (jejunal lengths 30-160 cm), six patients with jejunum in continuity with the colon (jejunal length 25-75 cm), and in 12 normal subjects. In patients with no colon early emptying of liquid was rapid (median 25% emptying: 7 v 25 min, no colon v normal, p

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“…It is thus understandable why the severity of fat malabsorption depends on the region of the small intestine not functioning. When the distal half of the small intestine was removed [13] or taken out of continuity with the proximal half [14••], fecal fat increased from the normal 8% to 10% of ingested amount to 80% to 90%, indicating severe steatorrhea. However, nutrient loss was far less when the proximal 50% to 70% of the small intestine was resected, with fecal fat loss of 15% to 24% [14••].…”

Section: Jejunal Versus Ileal Brakementioning

confidence: 99%

Ileal brake: Neuropeptidergic control of intestinal transit

Citters

Lin

2006

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

139

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Digestion and absorption of a meal are time-intensive processes. To optimize digestion and absorption, transit of the meal through the gastrointestinal tract is regulated by a complex integration of neuropeptidergic signals generated as the jejunal brake and ileal brake response to nutrients. Mediators involved in the slowing of transit responses include peptide YY (PYY), chemosensitive afferent neurons, intestinofugal nerves, noradrenergic nerves, myenteric serotonergic neurons, and opioid neurons. The activation of this circuitry modifies the peristaltic reflex to convert the intestinal motility pattern from propagative to segmenting. Fat is the most potent trigger of these transit control mechanisms. The integrated circuitry of gut peptides and neurons involved in transit control in response to nutrients is described in this review.

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Small Intestinal Function in the Rat After Massive Resections

Cited by 37 publications

References 8 publications

Enterogastric Brake In Rats With Segmental Bowel Resection: Role Of Capsaicin-Sensitive Nerves

Enterogastric Brake In Rats With Segmental Bowel Resection: Role Of Capsaicin-Sensitive Nerves

Disturbed gastric emptying in the short bowel syndrome. Evidence for a 'colonic brake'.

Ileal brake: Neuropeptidergic control of intestinal transit

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