Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Roles of Antibiotics, Prebiotics, and Probiotics

Quigley, Eamonn Martin; Quera, Rodrigo

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.046

Cited by 284 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Unlike the colon, which is rich in bacteria, the small bowel usually has fewer than 104 organisms per millilitre [Quigley and Quera, 2006]. When bacterial overgrowth occurs, the most common isolates from the jejunum are Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Enterococcus species [Bouhnik et al 1999].…”

Section: Secondary Effects Of Chronic Radiationinduced Small Bowel DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-induced small bowel disease: latest developments and clinical guidance

Stacey

Green

2013

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

180

126

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Ionizing radiation is commonly used to treat a number of malignancies. Although highly effective and now more targeted, many patients suffer side effects. The number of cancer survivors has increased and so there are more patients presenting with symptoms that have arisen as a result of radiotherapy. Radiation damage to small bowel tissue can cause acute or chronic radiation enteritis producing symptoms such as pain, bloating, nausea, faecal urgency, diarrhoea and rectal bleeding which can have a significant impact on patient's quality of life. This review outlines the pathogenesis of radiation injury to the small bowel along with the prevention of radiation damage via radiotherapy techniques plus medications such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, statins and probiotics. It also covers the treatment of both acute and chronic radiation enteritis via a variety of medical (including hyperbaric oxygen), dietetic, endoscopic and surgical therapies.

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Section: Secondary Effects Of Chronic Radiationinduced Small Bowel DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-induced small bowel disease: latest developments and clinical guidance

Stacey

Green

2013

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

180

126

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“…The human gastrointestinal tract is full of various microbes and contains ϳ300ϳ500 bacterial species (41). The environment of the gastrointestinal tract contains excess metals that permeabilize the bacterial cell surface and results in a lethal effect on the microbes (42,43).…”

Section: Fig 4 Lfcin B Inhibits the Binding Of The Response Regulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactoferricin B Inhibits the Phosphorylation of the Two-Component System Response Regulators BasR and CreB

Sung

Chen

2012

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Natural antimicrobial peptides provide fundamental protection for multicellular organisms from microbes, such as Lactoferricin B (Lfcin B). Many studies have shown that Lfcin B penetrates the cell membrane and has intracellular activities. To elucidate the intracellular behavior of Lfcin B, we first used Escherichia coli K12 proteome chips to identify the intracellular targets of Lfcin B. The results showed that Lfcin B binds to two response regulators, BasR and CreB, of the two-component system. For further analysis, we conducted several in vitro and in vivo experiments and utilized bioinformatics methods. The electrophoretic mobility shift assays and kinase assays indicate that Lfcin B inhibits the phosphorylation of the response regulators (BasR and CreB) and their cognate sensor kinases (BasS and CreC). Antibacterial assays showed that Lfcin B reduced E. coli's tolerance to environmental stimuli, such as excessive ferric ions and minimal medium conditions. This is the first study to show that an antimicrobial peptide inhibits the growth of bacteria by influencing

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“…In fact, the signal in the small bowel appeared more concentrated than in the cecum, despite the fact that cecum contains the site of highest levels commensal bacterial colonization. 17 Other areas of interest include the brain and thyroid. The uptake in the brain was low, measuring $0.2% ID/g, noting that earlier studies have shown TMP is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier in rodents.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantitative PET Reporter Gene Imaging with [11C]Trimethoprim

et al. 2017

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There is a need for improved methods to image genetically engineered cells, including immune cells used for cell-based therapy. Given the genetic manipulation inherent to gene therapy, the use of a reporter protein is a logical solution and positron emission tomography (PET) can provide the desired sensitivity and spatial localization. We developed a broadly applicable PET imaging strategy based on the small bacterial protein E. coli dihydrofolate reductase (Ec dhfr) and its highly specific small molecule inhibitor, trimethoprim (TMP). The difference in TMP affinity for bacterial compared to mammalian DHFR suggests that a TMP radioligand would have a low background in unmodified mammalian tissues and high retention in Ec dhfr engineered cells, providing high contrast imaging. Here, we describe the in vitro properties of [

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Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Roles of Antibiotics, Prebiotics, and Probiotics

Cited by 284 publications

References 129 publications

Radiation-induced small bowel disease: latest developments and clinical guidance

Radiation-induced small bowel disease: latest developments and clinical guidance

Lactoferricin B Inhibits the Phosphorylation of the Two-Component System Response Regulators BasR and CreB

Quantitative PET Reporter Gene Imaging with [11C]Trimethoprim

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